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CLAY COUNTY 

ILLUSTRATED 

M I N N E S OTA 




FIFTY CENTS THE COPY 



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OUTLINE MAP 

of 

CLAY COUNTY, MINNESOTA 



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Red River Early Ohios — Clay County's Pride 

CLAY COUNTY 
ILLUSTRATED 

MINNESOTA 



SOME FACTS showing the 
wonderful development of the 
Banner County of the Red 
River Valley in Minnesota 



Published by 

D. W. Meeker, Moorhead, Minnesota 

March, 19 16 



CL 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



Clay County Comes 
Into Her Own 

Hers has been the tale that wagged the entire northern part of the state. What 
has been accomplished in Clay county has been used to advertise other sec- 
tions of Minnesota and North Dakota. In this publication nothing outside 
the county has been given space — there is no need of it. The only need is 
more space — to show the advantages of this splendid county, and to record 
the success of the men who have developed her resources. 




A Frosty Morning, on the Buffalo River, North of Glyndon 



George M. Gunderson, the boy on the cover, is a prize-winning, twelve-year- 
old product of Clay county. The corn is "White Rustler and was grown by 
the lad in 1915. He was awarded second prize, in the ten county district in 
the middle western part of the state, at the First National Corn Show at St. 
Paul in December last. He won a trip to the State Fair on his ten ear exhibit 
at the Crookston show. He also won another trip to the State Fair in the 
State acre yield contest ; but is three years too young — so he will only make 
one trip to the fair this year. _ 

©CI.A487388 %[ 

Copyright 1916 by D. W. Meeker 



MAR 25 1916 






/ 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Alfalfa in Blossom Along State Road East of Glyndon 



Introduction 



AVhen the first settlers reached Clay 
County they found a land of promise ; 
but none of them ever dreamed that 
it would become a land of plenty as 
it is now. They built their homes near 
the openings in the timber that bor- 
dered the lakes and water courses in 
what was then a wilderness. Their 
houses were built of logs and roofed 
with split shakes or sod. 

If these pioneers could see this coun- 
try today they would not believe it to 
be the same land upon which they 
located in the late sixties or early sev- 
enties. While there has been con- 
tinued improvement during the half 
century that has elapsed since the first 
of the settlers came, the most wonder- 
ful changes have been wrought dur- 
ing the last two decades. About twen- 



ty years ago there came the first break 
when the three state drainage ditches 
were dug. At that time there were 
vast tracts of unoccupied railroad 
land-grant and state school lands in 
all parts of the county. A law com- 
pelling the railroads to pay taxes on 
these lands was passed by the state 
legislature, and the land was sold and 
soon became productive. 

The first step from exclusive small 
grain growing to diversified farming 
came when a few of the farmers began 
to raise potatoes for eastern and south- 
ern seed houses. This industry start- 
ed in a small way; but the demand 
for Clay County seed potatoes in- 
creased so rapidly that the potato rais- 
ing industry has become one of the 
most important in this section. Many 




Second Growth Clover Near Rustad, September 16, 1915 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Fourth Growth Alfalfa Stack from One Cutting — Cornfield in Background 



farmers now grow hundreds of acres 
of potatoes each year. They have root 
cellars on their farms where the po- 
tatoes are stored until late in the win- 
ter, when shipment is made to the 
southern and southwestern markets. 
Potato cellars and shipping houses are 
as numerous in the cities and villages 
as the grain elevators. 

While other varieties are grown the 
Early Ohios, known to the trade as 



The success in potato growing en- 
couraged the Clay County farmers to 
further diversify their crops. In or- 
der to maintain the productiveness of 
the soil they found it would be neces- 
sary to use a fertilizer. This led them 
to engage more extensively in stock 
raising and dairying. The cattle and 
hogs must be fed, and clover was 
found to take kindly to the soil and 
to withstand the winters. Then corn 




Pulling Out for Work in a Potato Field on the E. D. Grant Farm 



"Red Rivers" or "Red River Early 
Ohios," are by far the leading prod- 
uct. The exceptionally fine quality of 
the Clay County potatoes has made 
them the standard. This is main- 
tained by the growers who spare no 
effort to keep them true to type and 
free from disease. 



growing was tried on a small scale, 
until acclimated seed was produced, 
when it became one of the leading 
crops. Silos began to spring up on 
the farms and corn cribs lined up with 
the granaries. 

Then came the alfalfa. This splen- 
did forage plant has been the greatest 




The Shocks Stand Thick in This Flax Field 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




At E. C. Schroeder Farm — Sweet Pea Hedge 300 Feet Long 



of the surprises to the farmers. AVhen 
the land is properly prepared and the 
soil or the seed innoculated, a good 
"catch" is certain. Contrary to the 
opinion of many, it does not winter 
kill here. Last year three cuttings 
were made on the 1914 seeding, and 
in many Clay County fields the fourth 
could have been made in safety. The 
yield exceeds a ton per acre for each 
cutting and the fourth growth remains 
for pasture. 



Woman's Sphere on the Farm 
Most important of the changes in 
rural life of recent years in Clay Coun- 
ty is in woman's sphere on the farm. 
One of the greatest drawbacks was 
the isolated farm and the lack of com- 
panionship and social intercourse en- 
dured by the women. Drudgery and 
isolation are no longer the lot of the 
farmers' wives in Clay County. 

Rural mail routes, telephones and 
the co-operative creamery with the 




Sheep Pasture— H. L. Wells' "Willowbank Farm' 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



separator on the farm have been im- 
portant factors. Comfortable homes 
with modern conveniences have helped 
to make life on the farm more pleas- 
ant. Frequent meetings of the Farm- 
ers' Clubs and other rural organiza- 
tions have helped with the social side 
of the farm woman's life. The unpro- 
tected farm buildings on the prairie 
have given way to the well-arranged 
farmstead, protected by groves of box 
elders and cottonwoods. Small fruits 
thrive in the gardens and in many in- 
stances apple, plum and cherry trees 
contribute to the table. Flowers and 
shrubbery have helped in a wonderful 
degree to make the farm home pleas- 
ant. 



Clay County Is Out of Debt 

The first settlers came to Clay Coun- 
ty in 1859 and located along the Red 
River on the Pembina Trail, extending 
north to Fort Garry, now Winnipeg. 
Close behind were the pioneers who 
reached the southeastern part of the 
county in 1862. The Buffalo River 
settlement came later, the advance 
guard arriving in 1870. They met and 
overcame all the hardships incident to 
pioneer life. Living in fear of Indian 
outbreaks, their crops devoured by 
grasshoppers, and with none of the 



conveniences and few of the comforts 
of life, they held on until the North- 
ern Pacific Railroad was built through 
in 1871. Many of the men found em- 
ployment on the construction work of 
the railroad, and the money they 
earned was a Godsend to their fam- 
ilies and themselves. Settlers then 
began to flock into the country and 
conditions improved rapidly in every 
way. 

Clay County was organized in April, 
1872, when the first county commis- 
sioners were appointed. The commis- 
sioners appointed the first officers of 
the county and divided the entire 
county into two election districts. In 
October, 1879, the contract was let for 
the building of the first court house, 
which is still standing on First Ave- 
nue North near Eighth Street. Three 
years later, in September, 1882, the 
first contracts for the erection of the 
present court house and jail were let. 

It was necessary to issue bonds to 
pay for the new buildings and to build 
roads and make other public improve- 
ments. In 1896 the bonded indebted- 
ness of the county was $148,000.00. 
This included a $40,000.00 bond issue, 
made in 1896, to take up the floating 
indebtedness of the county. Since 
that time the county has had no float- 




Clay County Court House at Moorhead 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




One of the Clay County Drainage Ditches — Automobile on Grade at Left 



ing indebtedness and the bonded debt 
was gradually reduced until, on June 
1, 1915, the final payment of $42,000.00 
covering principal and interest was 
made. 

Clay County does not owe a single 
dollar of bonded or floating debt, but 
pays cash for everything. This con- 
dition of affairs is due in part to the 
careful management of its affairs by 
the county commissioners, and in part 
to the wonderful development of its 
resources during the past two decades. 



Drainage in Clay County 
During the last twenty years there 
have been dug in Clay County over 
230 miles of state and county drainage 
ditches at a total cost of nearly $390,- 
000. The first work was done by the 
state, when the Felton, Morken and 
"Whiskey Creek ditches were construct- 
ed. 

These ditches proved so beneficial 
that an extensive system of drainage 
was undertaken, and it is now prac- 
tically complete. Many farmers have 




Ditching Machine at Work in Kurtz Township 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Road Crew and Camp on State 



supplemented this work by digging 
lateral ditches or underdraining with 
tile. The ultimate outlet of all the 
ditches is the Red River of the North. 

Most of the work of recent years has 
been done with ditching machines, and 
the earth taken from the cut is leveled 
to form a highway grade. The fertil- 
ity of the lower stratas of the soil is 
shown by the strong growth of vegeta- 
tion on the tops and sides of these 
grades. 

One of the illustrations shows a 
"drag line" machine at work making 
a seven-foot cut. The capacity of the 
pan is two yards, and from 800 to 900 
yards of earth are excavated each day. 



The machine moves by its own power, 
the pan forming the anchor and the 
machine moving forward as the cable 
is wound up. The other illustration 
shows one of the ditches that was dug 
about twelve years ago. 



Good Roads in Clay County 

Clay was one of the pioneer counties 
of the state in the good roads move- 
ment. After the passage of the Dunn 
Act in 1913 plans were made for con- 
structing an extensive system of state 
roads in the county, all being done by 
day labor with county equipment. 
Early in the spring of 1914 a complete 




New Steel and Concrete Bridge on State Road East of Moorhead 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Road Between Hitterdal and Ulen 



outfit of road machinery and a camp 
equipment were purchased at an ap- 
proximate cost of $15,000.00. A ma- 
chinery warehouse and repair shop 
was erected at a cost of about $1,- 
800.00. The heavy machinery is stored 
in the warehouse and necessary re- 
pairs made during the winter. This 
equipment includes two tractors, two 
elevating and four push graders, con- 
crete mixing machinery, wheel scra- 
pers, automobile, three cooking cars 
and a complete camp outfit. Two 
more cooking cars are now being built 
for use during 1916. 

Beginning in 1913. a district high- 



way engineer was employed, working 
jointly for the state and county on 
the state and other roads. The work 
was continued under the supervision 
of the district engineer until the law 
was amended in 1915; and since that 
time has been performed by Eric Mar- 
tinson, road superintendent and en- 
gineer. 

During the past three years there 
has been expended on the state roads 
about $140,000.00, a large share of this 
amount being repaid the county by 
the state. This includes several bridg- 
es, the largest being the one over the 
Buffalo River on the Moorhead-Glyn- 




Push Grader Throwing Up Grade on State Road 



10 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 





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Bridge on State Road Near Manitoba Junction 



don road. As shown in the two ac- 
companying illustrations, the bridges 
are of steel and concrete. 

One of the most important of the im- 
provements of the highways is the new 
road between Moorhead and Barnes- 
ville, 24 miles. Distances necessary to 
reach these cities have been materially 
shortened, as the route is diagonal. 
This road has been continued to the 
county line on the east, and laid out 
to the AVilkin County line on the 
south. 

The total number of miles of state 
roads designated in Clay County is 161. 
Over 62 miles of standard section earth 
grades have been built. Seven miles 
on the three roads leading into Moor- 
head have been graveled and turn- 
piked. During 1915 a total of 26 miles 
of grade was completed. Three steel 
and concrete bridges were erected — 
one on the Moorhead-Glyndon road 
across the South Buffalo — the second 
at the crossing of the North Buffalo 



east of Hawley, and the third spans 
the North Buffalo at Glyndon. Six 
concrete and steel ditch bridges were 
also built during the year. 

Plans for the work to be done dur- 
ing 1916 have already been adopted 
by the County Board, and $42,500.00 
will be expended on six projects. The 
good roads movement is strongly sup- 
ported by the people of Clay County 
and the course of the County Commis- 
sioners in pushing the work meets 
with general approval. 



One hundred and fifteen samples of 
soil were taken from nearly every sec- 
tion of the county in the fall of 1915 
and tested for acidity. These tests 
showed that the soils of Clay County 
contain practically no acid. They ran 
from neutral to alkalinity, but in no 
case was the alkali found to such an 
extent as to be detrimental to grow- 
ing crops. 





View on State Road — Averill in the Distance 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



11 




Jorgen Jensen School House 

Schools of Clay County 
The people of Clay have been 
staunch supporters of the schools of 
the county since the earliest settlement. 
Districts Nos. 1 and 2, Glynclon and 
Moorhead, were organized on Febru- 
ary 13, 1873, each with a large area of 
territory. The third district formed 
was in Parke township, and today it 
has the largest enrollment of any of 
the rural schools of the county. 

The oldest school building now 
standing is the Jorgen Jensen school 
house in District No. 8. This is a fine 
example of the work of the pioneers, 
who were always proud of the fact 
that their district never was in debt. 



The manner of building this school 
house shows the community spirit of 
the early days. Each settler brought 
four logs to be used in building the 
walls. Then these logs were hewed 
and fitted together by the donors. To 
complete the building the joint note 
of the settlers was given as security for 
payment of the bill for hardware and 
lumber. The log walls are still in use, 
although they have been sided and a 
brick foundation has been placed un- 
der the building. A vestibule and bell 
tower have also been added. 

The free text book system is in force 
throughout the entire county. There 
are over 5,000 children of school age, 
the enrollment in the high and graded 
schools being 2,146; in the rural and 
semi-graded 2,586, and fully 300 at- 
tend the State Normal School at Moor- 
head, Concordia College and several 
parochial schools. 

There are 109 school districts in the 
county, five of them consolidated. 
Clay was one of the first counties to 
take advantage of the law providing 
for the consolidation of school districts 
and giving high school training. The 
first district formed was at Comstock, 
where the A'illage and two rural schools 
were combined in 1909. This school 
proved so successful that in 1912 three 




The Thomas McCabe School House, Southeast of Sabin 



12 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Oak Mound Consolidated School House, Kragnes Township 

other consolidated districts were with two districts. Felton followed 
formed — Rustad with two districts, last year with three districts, and one 
Glyndon with three, and Oak Mound district each in Kurtz and Moorhead 




Consolidated School, Comstock 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



13 




Rye Field Two Miles West of Ulen — L. Lofgren in Center 



townships voted to consolidate. 

Consolidation of the school at Hit- 
terdal and four of the rural schools of 
the neighborhood has recently been de- 
cided upon, and the new school house 
will be built next year. 



Growth of Clay County Banks 
Twenty years ago there were four 
banks in Clay County, and their com- 
bined capital and surplus was $218,- 
103.01, and the aggregate deposits 
were $414,032.84. The number of 
banks has increased until there are 
now 17, and the capital is $740,443.46. 
On the same date, January 1st of the 
present year, the total amount on de- 



posit in the banks of the county had 
grown to $2,966,120.89— more than a 
seven-fold increase. 

During the twenty years that have 
elapsed the banks have paid dividends 
that amount to more than the banking 
capital of all of the banks of the coun- 
ty today. This tells the story of de- 
velopment and prosperity. 

Over sixty of the farmers of the 
county are stockholders of one or more 
of the banks. Here again is a change 
from twenty years ago. 

The oldest bank in the county is the 
First National of Moorhead, organized 
in August, 1881, with $50,000 capital 
stock. On January 1, 1896, the cap- 




Filling One of the Twin Silos on the E. C. Schroeder Farm 



14 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Marquis Wheat and Potatoes — J. T. Johnson Farm Near Ulen 



ital, surplus and undivided profits ag- 
gregated $60,757.81 and the amount 
on deposit was $121,299.25. Twenty 
years later, on January 1, 1916, the 
combined capital, surplus and undi- 
vided profits had increased to $120,- 
616.51. On the same date the amount 
on deposit was $482,414.50. 

Henry Schroeder, of Sabin, is presi- 
dent and A. H. Costain is cashier. Mr. 
Costain began work in the bank in 
1895, while still a student in the Moor- 
head high school. He has been asso- 
ciated with the First National contin- 
uously and became cashier in 1908. 



Mr. Costain is also president of the 
Baker State Bank, and one of the di- 
rectors of the Sabin State Bank. 



The Moorhead National is the sec- 
ond oldest bank in the county and 
was organized on March 5th, 1892, 
with $60,000.00 capital stock. The 
banking capital, including surplus and 
undivided profits, had increased to 
$64,450 on January 1, 1896, and the 
deposits were $143,254.36. On the 
first of the present year the banking 
capital had increased to $132,058.72 
and the deposits to $550,510.54. 




Front View of Corn Husker at Work on M. O. Valan Farm 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



15 




Drying Seed Corn on the P. H. Lamb Farm — Seed Tested 97% 



P. H. Lamb is president and H. E. 
Roberts is cashier. Mr. Roberts came 
to Moorhead in 1898 and was employed 
by mercantile establishments as book- 
keeper. He was for eight years city 
clerk of Moorhead, and came to the 
Moorhead National in 1909 as its 
cashier. 

The First National of Barnesville 
was the third bank to engage in busi- 



ness in the county, being organized in 
June, 1894. The banking capital on 
January 1, 1896, was $57,769.86 and 
the deposits $44,773.92. These amounts 
had grown until on January 1, 1916, 
the banking capital was $74,912.81, 
and the deposits $327,047.68. 

Chas. R. Oliver is president and S. 0. 
Solum cashier. Mr. Oliver was born 
at Lancaster, "Wisconsin, and for sev- 




Filling the Big Silo on the J. P. McCarthy Farm 



16 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Six Horses Hauling Husker and Two the Tank, M. 0. Valan Farm 



eral years was an employe of the Wil- 
kin County Bank, now the First Na- 
tional of Breckenridge. He came to 
Barnesville when the Barnesville State 
Bank was organized in 1887 and for 
several years did all of the work. 
When the bank was reorganized as 
the First National, in June, 1894, he 
became the assistant cashier. A year 
later he was promoted to the position 
of cashier, and 16 years later was ad- 
vanced to the position of vice-presi- 



dent. At the annual meeting this year 
he was elected president. Mr. Oliver 
is also president of the First State 
Bank of Glyndon. 

S. 0. Solum came to Clay County 
from Fillmore County in 1872. His 
first business experience was two 
years' work in a lumber yard. He 
started with the First National as 
bookkeeper and was for several years 
assistant cashier. For the past ten 
years he has been cashier. 




Corn Husker at Work on M. 0. Valan Farm, Kurtz Township 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



17 



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Durum Wheat Field Near Ulen — J. T. Johnson Is the Man 



The State Bank of Hawley was the 
fourth of the banks of Clay County, 
being organized on August 1, 1892, 
with $16,000.00 capital stock. There 
was no increase in the banking capital 
prior to January 1, 1896, and on that 
date the deposits were $25,789.33. On 
the first of this year the banking cap- 
ital was $56,568.70 and the deposits 
$316,251.97. 

L. Lamberson is president; H. P. 
Gunderson, cashier; Hans Rushfeldt, 
vice-president, is one of Hawley 's old- 
est merchants and potato shippers. 



The First State Bank of Glyndon 
was established in 1902 with $10,000 
capital. On January 1, 1916, the cap- 
ital amounted to $14,288.00 and the 
deposits were $86,176.08. 

N. H. Stadum came to Barnesville 
when only four years old. In 1890 he 
started with the First National Bank 
of that city as bookkeeper and con- 
tinued with that bank until September, 
1902. He then removed to Glyndon to 
become cashier of the First State Bank 
— and has continued to manage its bus- 
iness since that date. 




E. F. Krabbenhoft's Fowls Are White — Even the Guineas and Pigeons 



18 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 







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Mangel Wurzels on the E. C. Schroeder Farm 



The First State Bank of Moorhead 
was established May 1, 1903, with 
$25,000 capital stock, which was in- 
creased in October, 1915, to $60,000. 
On January 1, 1916, the banking cap- 
ital was $79,883.15 and the deposits 
$200,215.23. 

M. T. Weum, the president, was one 
of the organizers of the bank and has 
been the head of the institution from 
its inception. He is an old resident of 



Clay County, having located at George- 
town, where he engaged in the mercan- 
tile business in which he is still inter- 
ested, in 1883. He came to Moorhead 
in 1892 and was engaged in business 
here for ten years. From 1902 to 1907 
he was in Minneapolis, still retaining 
his interests here. While Mr. Weum 
has always taken a prominent part in 
local affairs, the only office he has ever 
held has been that of a member of the 
Board of Education. 




Filling One of the Big Silos on the Huntoon Farm 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



19 




Putting Up Wild Hay on One of Martin E. L. Wilk's Farms 



S. 0. Westberg, the cashier, came 
to Moorhead in 1882, and since 1894 
has been associated with Mr. Weum. 
This association continued when the 
bank was organized and Mr. Westberg 
became one of its employes. He kept 
moving up and is now the cashier. 



The First National Bank of Ulen 
was organized January 1, 1904, with 
$25,000 capital stock. On January 1, 
1916, the capital had grown to $47,- 
949.09 and the deposits were $182,- 
698.67. C. J. Lofgren of Ada is presi- 
dent and Louis Lofgren is cashier. 



Louis Lofgren was less than five years 
old when he came to the United States 
from Sweden in 1871. He was in busi- 
ness at Park River, N. D., and at Ada 
in the banking and milling business be- 
fore coming to Ulen when the bank 
began business. 



The Security State Bank of Hitter- 
dal was organized March 16, 1904, with 
$10,000 capital stock. The banking 
capital on January 1, 1916, was $19,- 
520.51 and the deposits $49,626.28. 

J. Solum is president and G. Gun- 
derson cashier. Mr. Solum is one of 




Winter Rye Field West of Ulen— Man Is Six Feet Tall 



20 



CLAY COUNTY ILLDSTEATED 




Filling the Silo on the Emil Lambert Farm, Moorhead Township 



the pioneer business men of Hitterdal. 
He is proprietor of the hardware store 
and one of the owners of the Solum 
elevator. Mr. Gunderson was brought 
up in Clay county and for nine years 
was clerk in a general store. Later he 
was employed by the State Bank of 
Hawley for four years, and two years 
ago accepted his present position. 



The State Bank of Georgetown was 
organized May 2, 1904, with $10,000 
capital stock. On January 1, 1916, the 
banking capital was $20,235.74 and the 
deposits $93,413.25. A. M. Eckman is 



president and Theo. S. Nelson has been 
cashier of the bank since its organiza- 
tion. Prior to coming to Georgetown 
he had been assistant cashier of a bank 
at Hendrum. He was born in Fillmore 
County and removed to Norman Coun- 
ty with his parents when three years 

old. . 

The First State Bank of Felton be- 
gan business August 16, 1904, with 
$10,000 capital stock. On January 
1, 1916, the banking capital was 
$18,819.04 and the deposits $64,181.01. 
C. J. Lofgren of Ada is president and 
Aug. Stiening is cashier. 




Alfalfa and Clover Side by Side — Stack in Background 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



21 




Settings of Grain Stacks on C. F. Cornell Farm Near Rustad 



The First National Bank of Haw- 
ley began business with $25,000 cap- 
ital stock in June, 1905. On January 
1. 1916, the banking capital was $34,- 
743.55 and the deposits $129,587.34. 

H. F. Mensing is the vice president 
and G. 0. Sjordal, cashier. Mr. Men- 
sing is an old resident of Hawley and 
is closely identified with the business 
interests of the village. He owns a 
fine farm adjoining the village and is 
also interested in other farm property. 
For many years he conducted an ex- 
tensive contracting and building busi- 
ness. He is president of the Hawley 
Lumber Company — one of the few in- 
dependent dealers in building material. 

G. O. Sjordal was born in Norway 
and has been a resident of Hawley 
since 1898. He has been engaged in 
the banking business for the past eight 
years. Mr. Sjordal is also treasurer of 



the Hawley Farmers' Elevator Com- 
pany. 



The Sabin State Bank was organized 
in March, 1906, with $10,000 capital 
stock. The banking capital at the be- 
ginning of the year was $24,500.63 and 
the deposits were $56,385.59. Henry 
Schroeder is president and L. C. Fol- 
lett, cashier. 

Mr. Follett assumed his present posi- 
tion early in 1914. Prior to that time 
he had been associated with the Dakota 
Trust Company of Fargo for three 
years. 



The Comstock State Bank began 
business in 1909 with $10,000 capital. 
On January 1, 1916, the capital was 
$15,499.15 and the deposits $57,088.49. 

David Askegaard is the president 
and Eugene Askegaard is cashier. 
David Askegaard was for many vears 




Filling Concrete Silo on the William Sprung Farm, Moland Township 



22 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Early Ohio Potatoes in F. M. Rice's Root Cellar 



vice-president of the First National 
Bank of Moorheacl. He is an old set- 
tler and is well known as a leading 
farmer, grain dealer and merchant. 
Eugene Askegaard grew to manhood 
in Comstock and has been cashier of 
the bank since its organization. 



pacity for six years. When the bank 
was organized he became cashier and 
still occupies that position. 



The Ulen State Bank was organized 
in 1910 with $10,000 capital stock. On 
January 1, 1916, the banking capital 
was $14,470.53 and the deposits $130,- 
295.92. 

L. D. Foskett of Crookston is presi- 
dent and H. A. Johnson is cashier. Mr. 
Johnson has been with the bank since 
its organization. He is a graduate of 
the law department of the University 
of Minnesota. Mr. Johnson is also 
president of the State Bank of Donald- 
son, Minnesota. 



The Citizens State Bank of Barnes- 
ville was organized May 31, 1911, with 
$25,000 capital stock. On January 1, 
1916. the banking capital was $33,- 
700.60 and the deposits $153,812.04. 
J. S. Ulland of Fergus Falls is presi- 
dent and W. S. Lee is cashier. Mr. Lee 
came to Barnesville from Elizabeth 
and was one of the incorporators of 
the bank. He had been cashier of the 
bank he established at Elizabeth. Prior 
to that time he was for five years as- 
sistant cashier of the First National 
Bank of Eagle Bend. 



The Dilworth State Bank began busi- 
ness March 1, 1910, with $15,000 cap- 
ital stock. On January 1, 1916, the 
banking capital was $20,046.31 and the 
deposits $46,944.44. 

P. H. Lamb of Moorhead is president 
and J. M. Manning is cashier. 

Joseph M. Manning was born in Wis- 
consin. He taught school for five years 
and later was employed by the North- 
ern Pacific Railway in a clerical ca- 



The Baker State Bank began busi- 
ness in February, 1912, with $10,000 
capital. On January 1 the banking 
capital had increased to $12,630.42 and 
the deposits were $39,471.86. A. H. 
Costain of Moorhead is president and 
C. S. Pilot, cashier. 

Mr. Pilot has been the cashier of the 
bank from the time it began business. 
After leaving school in Moorhead he 
was employed by the Northern Pacific 
railroad, and, immediately before tak- 
ing up his new duties, was with the 
First National of Moorhead for a short 
time. 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



2.3 




More of the Potatoes in the Same Cellar 



Clay County Potatoes 
Potato growing has become one of 
the leading industries of Clay County 
and the producers use machinery for 
all purposes, except cutting the seed 
and picking the potatoes after they 
have been dug. It is the general cus- 
tom to treat the seed by dipping in a 
chemical solution to kill any possible 
disease germs. Planting is done by 
machines that first drop the seed with 
uniform space between and the shoe 
or disc of the planter then completes 
the operation by covering the seed 
with about four inches of dirt. 



Cultivation is all done by machin- 
ery, the cultivators doing the work on 
one or two rows at the same time. 
When neecssary to spray for the de- 
struction of insects another machine, 
a sprayer, is used, and from four to 
eight rows are treated at the same 
time with one sprayer. 

Harvesting the crop brings into use 
another machine, the potato digger. 
The shovel of the digger cuts under 
the row and the tubers are thrown 
back upon the elevator which is a 
series of transverse bars forming an 
endless chain. The motion of the ma- 




Four Potato Planters at Work in One of Henry Schroeder's Fields 



24 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




One of T. H. Skrei's Potato Fields — Yield 220 Bushels per Acre 



chine shakes off the dirt and drops the 
clean potatoes in a narrow row behind 
the digger. Alternate rows are dug 
as the horses hauling the diggers 
would step on the potatoes if each row 
were dug in succession. Picking is 
done by hand, the usual method being 
for the pickers to work in pairs each 
using a half bushel wire basket. When 
the two baskets are filled the bushel 
is dumped into a sack and left stand- 
ing in the field. These sacks are then 
gathered and hauled to the root cel- 
lars which are as common on Clay 
County farms as granaries and corn 
cribs are in other localities. The po- 



tatoes are then run over a sorter that 
separates any small ones or culls that 
may have been gathered by the pick- 
ers ; and the selected tubers then go 
into the piles in the cellar. As all of 
the potatoes grown in Clay County, 
not used for seed or home consump- 
tion, are shipped to the south and 
southwest for seed, they are held in 
the cellars until late in the winter. 

The temperature of the cellars is 
kept a few degrees above the freezing 
point by opening the ventilators if 
too warm, or heating with stoves if 
too cold. The illustrations of the cel- 
lars show the method of construction, 




Louis Altenbernd's Potato Warehouse and Office, Sabin 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



25 




Potato Harvesting on One of the Schroeder Farms 



the most approved system being fol- 
lowed. All of the cellars of Clay 
County are well lighted and ventila- 
ted. 

The warehouse cellars have hollow 
brick walls, cement floors and the ven- 
tilators extend through the roofs. Be- 
ing dry and sanitary, they are con- 
sidered models by experts who have 
made a study of the care of potatoes 
during the winter. When spring comes 
the potatoes kept in these cellars are 
as firm as when stored in the fall and 
there is never even an indication of 
sprouting. 

The potatoes are again sorted before 
shipment, and packed in two bushel 
gunny sacks. Refrigerator cars are 
used in shipping to the southern mar- 
kets and the usual carload is 300 sacks 
containing 600 bushels. 



Potato Growers Organized 
Several years ago the potato grow- 
ers of Clay County learned that some 
of the dealers in the southern markets 
were selling potatoes grown in other 
parts of the country for "Red Riv- 
ers." To protect the growers at home 
and to prevent the imposition upon 
the producers of the south, several of 
the farmers and others interested in 
the potato industry organized the Clay 
County Potato Growers' Association. 
This association has a membership of 
about 100 and is supported by annual 
dues paid by growers, dealers and the 
banks. 

A trademark, which is shown here- 
with, was adopted, and registered in 
seventeen of the states where "Red 
River Ohios" are used for seed. This 
trademark was advertised in several 




Looking Across One of Henry Schroeder's Potato Fields 



26 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Loading Potatoes in Refrigerator Cars at Barnesville 



of the publications reaching the pro- 
duce trade, together with the names 
of Clay County shipping stations and 
of many of the growers and dealers. 
Arrangements were made for printing 
the trademark on sacks used by mem- 
bers of the organization, and many of 
the southern seed houses request that 
the stock be shipped in branded sacks. 
These sacks are furnished to members, 
who pay the actual cost of printing, 
and no others can secure them. Deal- 
ers who purchase seed in branded 
sacks have the guarantee of the asso- 
ciation that they will receive genuine 
"Red River Early Ohios." 

The officers of the association are : 
Leslie Welter, president ; Henry 



Schroeder, vice-president, and E. D. 
Grant, secretary and treasurer. 



Clay 
County, 



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Minis. 



MARK 



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Three Potato Sprayers in One of Henry Schroeder's Fields 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



•27 



V* v j5» *' "" % *» % M' *'*V. 




One of Henry Schroeder's Wheat Fields, Near Sabin 



Northern Potato Growers' Sales 
Company 

The Northern Potato Growers' Sales 
Company is an organization of pro- 
ducers of potatoes and other agricul- 
tural products, none others being eli- 
gible to membership. Tins company 
was organized in March, 1913, and 
incorporated in January, 1915, with 
headquarters at Moorhead. The pres- 
ent membership is 315, nearly all be- 
ing farmers of Clay County. Potatoes 
and other farm products are handled 
in car lots on a percentage to cover 
the actual cost of conducting the busi- 
ness. A total of 340 carloads of pota- 



toes and onions has been marketed 
by the company for its members. It 
is the plan of the company to further 
extend the business during the pres- 
ent year. A warehouse will be ac- 
quired and a full line of chemicals for 
treating seed for plant diseases and for 
exterminating bugs and other pests 
will be handled. The company will 
also carry in stock potato tools, bas- 
kets, sacks, field and garden seeds and 
feed. The officers of the company are : 
0. H. Hogstad, president ; Alfred Ol- 
son, vice-president ; Martin W. Gee, 
treasurer, and E. H. Probstfield, sec- 
retary and manager. 




Ole H. Erickson Farm One and One-Half Miles Northeast of Ulen 



28 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



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County Agent P. E. Clement Caught in the Act 



Clay County Farm Bureau 
In the spring of 1913 the late Lew 
A. Huntoon, of Moorhead, called a 
meeting of bankers and business men 
of Clay County for the purpose of con- 
sidering plans for the agricultural im- 
provement of the county. The dis- 
cussions at this meeting resulted in an 
organization called the "Clay County 
Farm Bureau," having for its object 
the general improvement of agricul- 
tural conditions within its territory. 
That the Bureau might be properly 



financed at the beginning, the banks 
agreed that for two years the money 
which they would otherwise spend for 
calendars to be distributed among 
their patrons at Christmas time, should 
be turned into the treasury of the 
Bureau. These contributions amount- 
ed to $2,500, and with $1,000 secured 
from the Grain Exchanges and the 
funds received from the State and 
Federal Government have carried on 
the work this far and left a nice bal- 
ance in the treasury. The Bureau is 




Field on Right, Demonstration Plot on Left — White Spot is Marker 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



29 




Briggs Brothers' Cornfield 

organized on the capital stock plan — 
2,000 shares at $2.00 per share, and 
no person to hold more than one share. 



Its work is carried on by a Board of 
Directors and a County Agent em- 
ployed by the Bureau, and working 
in co-operation with the State Univer- 
sity and the United States Department 
of Agriculture. 

The present officers are : T. B. C. 
Evans, president; M. O. Valan, vice- 
president; Chas. R. Oliver, secretary; 
A. H. Costain, treasurer, and Henry 
Schroeder, H. P. Henrickson and Frank 
Kimm, directors. 




John A. Erickson's Wheat Plot 

In August, 1913, C. E. Brown of Elk 
River, Minn., was secured as County 
Agent, but on account of other inter- 
ests engaging Mr. Brown's attention, 
the appointment was only temporary, 
pending the appointment of a perma- 
nent agent. On December 20th of that 
year the present agent, P. E. Clement, 
arrived and took up the work of the 
office. 




rt&'Zl ■&>•£> 



r%*A .,.'■:•> PK«- VS ** 







Fourth Growth Alfalfa, N. N. Wiger Farm, Northwest of Ulen 



30 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Margaret L. Lofgren, Who Won a Trip to Washington for Bread Making 



Since its earliest settlement. Clay 
County has been known for its large 
wheat fields. For the past twenty 
years the potato crop has been in- 
creasing in importance until at the 
present time it almost equals the wheat 
in acreage and exceeds it in number 
of bushels produced. The improve- 
ment most needed seemed to be the 
introduction of diversified farming 
with more live stock and a regular 
rotation of crops. The first undertak- 
ing of the Bureau was, therefore, a 
campaign to increase the acreage of 
corn, alfalfa and clover, and the num- 
ber of silos, realizing that nothing 
could be gained by increasing the 
number of live stock until better and 
more economical methods of feeding 
were adopted. Another reason for 
urging clover and alfalfa was to build 
up the sbil that had been impoverished 
by continued grain cropping. During 
1914 the Bureau bought and sold to 
farmers at cost 160 bushels of alfalfa 
seed. The seed houses sold about 360 
bushels during the same season. Prior 
to the spring of 1914 there were about 
200 acres of alfalfa in the county; 
today there are about 7,000 acres. The 
acreage of clover has been brought up 
to about 17,000. The corn crop has 
increased by leaps and bounds. The 



1910 census gives the acreage of the 
county as 2,000. In 1915 there were 
about 50,000 acres planted and in spite 
of very adverse weather conditions, 
about 800 bushels of good seed was 
gathered. This seed, because it ripened 
in such a short season, is worth thou- 
sands of dollars to the county. A good 
portion of the corn crop was used for 
silage in the fall of 1915, the number 
of silos having increased from 65 in 
the spring of 1914 to over 300. Clay 
County corn has received recognition 
wherever it has been exhibited. In 
the fall of 1913 a prize was secured 
in competition with the southern part 




Milo R. G. Skrei's Prize Corn 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



:;] 




One of E. C. Schroeder's Potato Fields — A Bushel in Each Sack 



of the state. Since then different 
farmers have taken sweepstakes at the 
Crookston Farm Crops Show and three 
from a possible four prizes at the First 
National Corn Show at St. Paul, De- 
cember, 1915. The boys of the Acre 
Yield Contest have taken eight prizes 
for their corn exhibits at different 
shows. 

The potato industry which has been 
developing during the past 20 years 
has been given careful attention by 
the Bureau. A series of demonstra- 
tions has been carried on to determine 
the effects of disease elimination and 
seed selection and treating seed. Sev- 
eral carloads of certified seed have 
been produced by this treatment. The 
matter of standardization of variety 
and quality is being considered by 
prominent growers. The part taken 
by Henry Schroeder in building up 
this industry by the continuous ex- 
ample of his own success in growing 



and marketing seed potatoes is recog- 
nized by all. 

The improvement of live stock by 
the use of pure bred sires is being 
urged and is already producing re- 
sults. The average number of cattle 
per farm is now about IS, or 10,000 
for the countv. 




Potato House and Cellar, Huxley Farm 

Sociability is being promoted in 
the rural neighborhoods by Farmers' 
Clubs. There are now seventeen ac- 
tive clubs in the countv, all but one 




Potato Demonstration Plot, A. C. Huxjey Farm — Acre Yield, 363 Bushels 



32 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Eight Potato Diggers and Picking Crew — One of M. 0. Valan's Fields 



having been organized since the fall 
of 1913. By way of educational fea- 
tures, five weeks of farmers' short 
courses and sixteen days of farmers' 
institutes have been held, and seventy- 
two other meetings addressed by out- 
side speakers. 




Christ Rehder's Potato Cellar 

The young people of the county 
have received their share of attention, 
through organized Boys' and Girls' 
Club work. Corn, bread baking, po- 
tato, and garden and canning contests 
have been held. One girl won the 
state championship in bread baking in 
the 1914 contest and received a free 
trip to Washington, D. C, as a prize. 
Over 100 girls completed the work of 



the contest both years, placing Clay 
County at the head of the list for the 
number of contestants. The plans for 
the contests have been completed for 
the coming year and the prospects are 
excellent for some good strong work 
in each of the projects. 

The Farm Bureau carried on dem- 
onstration plots with 14 farmers in 
1915, to show the effects of seed selec- 
tion and disease elimination. The 
plots consisted of a number of rows — 
from one to six acres — through the 
regular field, and in cultivation were 
handled as a part of the field. The 
average increase in yield of the plots 
over the field was 44.4 bushels per 
acre. Of the potatoes from the field 
90 per cent were salable while from 
the plots 97 per cent were salable. 

The accompanying picture shows the 
results of seed selection and disease 
elimination of potatoes on the stand 
and the size of the vines. This dem- 
onstration was carried on with John 
A. Erickson of Hawley township. The 
rows on the right are the regular field 
showing a poor stand and stunted 




Loading in Potatoes at E. C. Schroeder Warehouse, Watts 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



33 




Four Potato Diggers and Crew of Pickers on E. C. Schroeder Farm 



growth. Those on the left are in the 
plot and show a strong and vigorous 
growth of vines. 

The plot on the A. C. Huxley farm 
in Alliance township, where the test 
was carried on by B. F. Moore, the 
resident manager of the farm, had a 
vigorous growth of vines, plainly 
shown in the illustration. The yield 
on this plot was 363 bushels to the 
acre. 

Demonstrations were also conducted 
by the Farm Bureau to show the re- 
sults of good seed grains. The accom- 
panying picture is one taken of a 
wheat plot on John A. Erickson's farm 
in Hawley township just as the wheat 
was heading out. The increase in yield 
on the plot was about 2% bushels per 
acre over that of the field. 



Community Picnic 
The Clay County Union of Farmers' 
Clubs arranged for a county-wide com- 
munity picnic which was held at Wil- 
lowbank Farm, near Stockwood, July 
14, 1915. Fully 2,000 people enjoyed 
the day, coming by train, auto and 
team from all parts of the county, 
town and country being equally rep- 
resented. The occasion was a great 
success, both as a get-together meet- 
ing and as a holiday. No more beauti- 
ful spot could be found than the Wil- 
lowbank Farm, where the Buffalo Riv- 
er appears to be trying to see how 
many curves it can make through the 
wooded pastures. Just to be at lib- 
erty for a day in such restful sur- 
roundings was a treat, but the commit- 
tee had a full program of attractions 




Looking Across the Buffalo River — Part of Picnic Crowd in Sight 



34 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Where the Big Community Picnic Was Held 



for the amusement of all. There were 
sports and ball games, addresses and 
music, and everywhere friends and 
neighbors to greet and visit with; and 
all attractions had a full audience at 
all times. 

The dinner hour was enjoyed in the 
usual way, congenial groups of friends 
gathering about their full baskets in 
shady spots wherever fancy dictated. 
A snapshot taken from the top of the 
75-foot embankment of the Northern 
Pacific Railroad shows how the crowd 
disported itself over the grounds. 

It is the plan of the union to make 
this annual picnic the great day of 
the year for Clay County. 



The wealth of many Clay County 
farmers is estimated at from $40,000 
to $200,000 each, and every dollar has 
been taken from the soil. 



Growers Four 

Briggs Brothers, growers, would be 
an appropriate name in every way for 
the four who are engaged in growing 




Part of W. R. Briggs' Greenhouses 

things in Clay County. Not only do 
they grow all sorts of things but they 
always strive to grow the best. If 
they keep on growing for a few years 




Watching the Ball Game at the Community Picnic 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



35 




First National Corn Show Prizes Won by 



G. M. Gunderson 



B. H. Briggs 



R. H. Briggs 



longer the name Briggs will be as 
well known in this part of the country, 
as plant growers and seedsmen, as 
is that of Peter Henderson. 

William R, Briggs was the pioneer 



of the family. He came to Moorhead 
from McLean County, Illinois, in 1907, 
and raised garden truck the first year. 
The next year he built the first unit of 
his range of greenhouses and began 




•*» <£ 



The Briggs Floral Company's Greenhouse, Moorhead 



36 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Briggs Brothers' 20 Prize Ears 



to raise vegetables and bedding plants 
for the market. It has been Mr. 
Briggs' plan to anticipate the growth 
of his business by increasing the ca- 
pacity of his greenhouses until he has 
now six units, making an acre under 
glass, where he produces lettuce, rad- 
ishes and other vegetables during the 
winter. As spring approaches the 
growing of flowers and bedding plants 
is begun and many varieties of these 
are ready to transplant as soon as the 
weather permits. The Briggs green- 
houses are the source of supply for 
a large part of the garden and flower 
plants for this section of the country. 

John "W. Briggs was the next of the 
brothers to arrive, coming in 1909. 
lie also engaged in the growing busi- 
ness and part of the time was asso- 
ciated with his older brother. Last 
summer he built the florist greenhouse, 
at Front and Eighth streets, and be- 
gan business. Already he must have 
more growing room ; and the present 
plan is to use one of the units in his 
brother's group of greenhouses. Flow- 
ering and ornamental plants and every 
variety of cut flowers are sold by the 
Briggs Floral Company, the name un- 
der which the business is conducted. 

The two younger brothers came 
later — Roy H. in 1910, and Benjamin 
H. in 1912. They wanted more grow 




Looking Across Field Where Briggs Brothers Grew the Prize Corn 



CLAY C U N T Y I L L U S T K A T E D 



37 




A String of Gang Plows on the Emil Lambert Farm 



room, so they bought the Stevens 
farm, about 200 acres, six miles south 
of Moorhead. For the past three years 
they have made a specialty of grow- 
ing seed corn and even in 1915 were 
successful, securing several hundreds 
of bushels of Minnesota No. 13 seed 
of excellent quality. In fact, it was 
so good that both the first and second 
prizes for this district were won by 
it at the First National Corn Show 
in St. Paul. This is more creditable 
when it is known that only one of the 
other nine counties in the district, 
Becker, is as far north as Clay. In 
the future the brothers will continue 
to specialize on Minnesota No. 13. 
They will also grow other grain for 
seed, the plan being to make this, as 
exclusively as possible, a seed farm. 



Pioneer Insurance Company 
In 1885 the farmers of Clay and 
three adjoining counties organized the 
Parke Mutual Fire Insurance Company 
of Rollag. This company insures farm 
buildings and other farm property in 
the towns of the southeastern part of 
the county and in several townships 
in Becker, Otter Tail and Wilkin coun- 
ties. At the present time the total 
amount of risks carried is $448,000.00, 
and the average cost for each $100 
since the company was organized has 
been less than nineteen cents. 

The officers are: S. P. Anderson, 
president; C. J. Berg, secretary and 
treasurer: and H. O. Solum, H. Erick- 
son, N. O. Christianson, Ole Larson, 
Anton Peterson, F. L. Larson and P. 
Folden. directors. 




Tractor Pulling Twelve 14-Inch Plow Bottoms, Emil Lambert Farm 



38 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Kragnes Farmers ' Elevator & Mercan- 
tile Company 

The Kragnes Farmers' Elevator & 
Mercantile Company has made a re- 
markable record since it began busi- 
ness in March, 1911. Beginning with 
$4,575.00 capital stock, held by 59 
stockholders, the company purchased 
an elevator and coal shed located on 
the Great Northern Railway at Krag- 
nes. During the past four years the 
house has handled a yearly average of 
173,000 bushels of grain, 530 tons of 
coal and a carload of Stillwater binder 
twine. 

At the end of the fiscal year, June, 
1915, the company had a net surplus of 
$11,230.79. Up to that date $1,256.00 



Fourteen Binders in a String on the 

had been expended in repairs and bet- 
terments and dividends aggregating 
70 per cent had been paid. 

Those who are familiar with the 
country tributary to Kragnes and are 
acquainted with the thrifty farmers 
who constitute the management of the 
company will not be at all surprised to 
learn that this is one of the most suc- 
cessful farmers' elevators in the state. 

The officers of the corporation are : 
Jorgen Jensen, president ; E. J. Gorder, 
vice-president; John T. Holte, secre- 
tary; Chas. Brendemuhl, treasurer, 
and M. W. Gee, E. A. Kragnes and 
M. G. Steen, directors. 

H. H. Egar has been the manager of 
the company during the four years and 




Loading Bundle Wagon with Shock Loader and Threshing Scene 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



39 




David Askegaard Farm, Comstock 

has been an important factor in ma- 
king the business so successful. 



Farmers' Insurance Company- 
Twenty years ago a number of Clay 
and Wilkin county farmers organized 
the Comstock and Holy Cross Farm- 
ers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company. 
As the records covering the first five 
years were destroyed, only those of 
the last 15 years are available to show 
what has been accomplished. In 1901 
the company had 253 policies in force, 
and in 1915 the number was 1,266. 
The total amount of insurance in force 
in 1901 was $346,302.00, and this had 
increased in 1915 to $2,922,744.00. 



During the 15 years the company paid 
losses aggregating $24,055.84. To pay 
these losses and the expenses of con- 
ducting business nine assessments, ag- 
gregating 16 mills, were levied during 
the past fifteen years. No assessments 
were levied during the other six years. 
This shows not only care in accept- 
ing risks, but is an assurance of con- 
servative and economical management. 
Only farm property is insured by the 
company. 

The present officers are : A. H. 
Hicks, president; H. O. Krabbenhoft, 
vice-president; E. M. Askegaard, sec- 
retary; Christian F. Kehder. treas- 
urer, and Jorgen Jensen and John 
Holecek, directors. 




David Askegaard Farm, Comstock 



40 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Home of Julius T. Lunder Near Dale, Highland Grove Township 



This illustration shows the farm 
home of Julius T. Lunder, one mile 
north of Dale in Highland Grove town- 
ship. Mr. Lunder came to Minnesota 
from Norway with his parents when 
he was only three years old. The 
family located the homestead which 
is the farm now owned by Mr. Lunder. 
A part of the original log house is 
included in the present dwelling. Mr. 
Lunder diversifies his crops and is an 
extensive grower of potatoes. He has 
one of the finest and most convenient 
potato cellars in the county. It is 
built in the hillside ; the walls and floor 
are of cement, and the exposure is to 
the south. To the east and south of 



the farm buildings is a twelve-acre 
patch of alfalfa from which two cut- 
tings were made the first year. 



William Sprung was born in Ger- 
many and came to the United States 
with his parents when a child. The 
family settled in Iowa and in 1892 
moved to Clay County, locating in 
Moland township where they pur- 
chased a half section farm. This is 
the farm now operated by Mr. Sprung 
and it is practically all under culti- 
vation, 30 acres being reserved for 
pasture. Mr. Sprung has made a suc- 
cess of corn growing, and one of the 
illustrations shows the crew at work 




Homelike Scene on the Farm of William Sprung, Moland Township 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



H 




Farm Residence of Herbran Erickson, Tansem Township 



filling his big silo. The cattle raised 
on the Sprung farm are grade short- 
horns and the herd sire is a thorough- 
bred bull. The farm is near to three 
markets and the shipping point for 
potatoes, which are grown extensively 
by Mr. Sprung, is Watts, only four 
miles distant. 



Herbran Erickson is one of the old 
settlers of Tansem township, having 
resided there since June, 1871, when 




he arrived with his parents from Win- 
nishek County, Iowa. Mr. Erickson 
owns and operates a 300-acre farm in 
section three, the land adjoining the 
homestead taken by his father in the 
early seventies. Corn and stock have 
become the leading products of Mr. 
Erickson 's farm and he turns off sev- 
eral carloads of steers each year, most- 
ly Herefords. Mr. Erickson holds the 
record as a school officer, having served 
continuously as clerk of his district 
for 33 years. He also served as a mem- 
ber of the town board and for 15 years 
was chairman. 




At Herbran Erickson's, Tansem 



Percheron Sire on E. D. Grant Farm 



42 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Part of Buildings on Prindle Farm, Kragnes Township 



Fred H. Kuehl is one of the pros- 
perous young farmers of Glyndon 
township. The farmstead is located in 
a fine grove near the center of his 
quarter-section farm. The large, mod- 
ern house and ample barns and other 
buildings are conveniently grouped. 

Mr. Kuehl's house is equipped with 
the conveniences of a city home, in- 
cluding running water supplied by a 
pressure tank and a bath room, the 
septic tank system of sewage being 
employed. It is lighted throughout by 
a local Blau Gas plant. The nearest 
market is Sabin and the potato ship- 
ping station, Watts, each distant about 
three miles from the Kuehl farm. 



The accompanying illustration shows 
the home buildings on the Prindle 
farm in Kragnes township. It was. 
formerly known as the Douglas Farm 
and nearly 1,300 acres are included 
in this tract. Diversified farming, with 
hog raising as a specialty, is the rule 
on the Prindle farm. It is located on 
both sides of the Buffalo River and 
is on the Moorhead-Georgetown State 
Road. Douglas Siding, a Great North- 
ern shipping point, is located on the 
farm, and the nearest market is 
Georgetown, two miles north. 



Thomas McCabe was one of the early 
settlers of Elmwood township and is 




Modern Buildings on Fred H. Kuehl Farm, Glyndon Township 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



43 




Thomas McCabe Farmstead, Elmwood Township 



one of the most prosperous farmers 
of that section of the county. He came 
in 1880, and purchased what is still 
the home farm three years later. Mr. 
McCabe is a believer in diversified 
farming and keeps his land under a 
high state of cultivation. He raises 
grade shorthorns and turns off a num- 
ber of head of fat stock each year. 
Every fall his potato cellar is filled 
and he markets several carloads of 
Early Ohios in the early spring. Mr. 
McCabe 's fine home is a model of 
comfort and convenience. The bath 
and bed rooms have runninsr water 



throughout supplied from a 190-barrel 
cistern by means of a pressure tank. 
The house, barns and yard are lighted 
by electricity furnished by a 65-light 
storage battery plant. Mr. McCabe is 
interested in both the banks of his 
neighborhood, being a stockholder in 
both the Baker and Sabin banks. 



When Gustave 0. Lee came to Clay 
County from Houston County with his 
parents in 1871 he was only six years 
old. Two years later his father, Ole 
G. Lee, died leaving his widow and 
son his 190-acre farm in sections 7 and 




"Lee Farm" — Home of Gustav 0. Lee, Moland Township 



44 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Rasmus A. Rice's Well-Arranged Farmstead, Oakport Township 



8 in Moland township. This fine farm 
is located on the east bank of the 
Buffalo. The farmstead is in a bend 
of the river and is well sheltered on 
the north and west by a natural grove 
of trees. In the right foreground of 
the illustration of the "Lee Farm" 
will be seen part of a six-acre plot of 
alfalfa from which two crops had al- 
ready been cut during 1915. 



Rasmus A. Rice believes in keeping 
up the land the same as it was when 
the first crop was raised. This he 
does by following the improved meth- 
ods of cultivation. Clover is one of 
his best assistants and he plans to keep 
about 20 acres of his quarter section 



farm producing this forage crop and 
fertility restorer. He has begun rais- 
ing alfalfa and has a four-acre patch 
with an excellent catch. When Mr. 
Rice bought his farm there were no 
buildings and only a few small trees. 
Something of what he has accom- 
plished may be judged by the picture 
of his farm buildings surrounded by 
a grove of sturdy trees. Mr. Rice 
came from Walsh County, N. D., in 
the fall of 1898 and purchased the 
Rasmusson farm in Section 22 of Oak- 
port township. 



This fine farm, located in Moland 
township, four miles northwest of 
Glyndon, is the property of J. W. 




Dairy Herd on Huntoon Farm, South of Moorhead 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



45 




Farmstead on J. W. Greer Farm in Moland Township Near Glyndon 



Greer, and is devoted exclusively to 
stock raising and growing clover, corn 
and alfalfa. Over fifty head of cattle 
and a like number of hogs, besides 
other stock, are already on the farm. 
All of the buildings in the farmstead 
were erected during the summer of 
1914. Mr. Greer came to Clay County 
from Plymouth County, Iowa, in 1903. 
At that time he found Clay County 
land selling at half the price charged 
for farms in his home state. He also 
found that the net income per acre is 
larger here than from the high priced 



Iowa lands. The natural result was 
that Mr. Greer soon became the owner 
of Clay County land. 

Since early in the fall of 1914 Peter 
Jacobs and family, all lovers of ani- 
mals and practical stock growers, have 
managed the Greer farm on the co- 
operative plan. 



John I. Smith, a native of Ontario, 
Canada, came to Minnesota in the fall 
of 1879, locating in the southwestern 
part of Clay County. In 1890 Mr. 
Smith moved upon what is now his 




Part of John I. Smith's Farmstead, Rustad 



46 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




"Bona Grain and Stock Farm" — Home of C. F. Render, Alliance Township 



home farm at Rustad, the buildings 
being shown in the accompanying il- 
lustration. Mr. Smith also owns and 
farms another quarter section one mile 
east of the home farm in Kurtz town- 
ship. Since locating at Rustad, Mr. 
Smith has taken an active part in all 
public affairs and is now chairman of 
the town board and a member of the 
school board of the consolidated dis- 
trict at Rustad. 



Christian F. Rehder is the owner of 
the "Bona Grain and Stock Farm" 
in Alliance township. Mr. Rehder 
came to the United States from Ger- 
many in 1881, locating in Iowa. Three 
years later he came to Clay County 
and homesteaded where his home is 
still located. He now owns and farms 
560 acres, raising grain, corn, potatoes 
and cattle. His patch of alfalfa was 



the first seeded in that neighborhood, 
and several cuttings have been made 
from the fine stand of this crop. The 
farm buildings show that Mr. Rehder 
is a progressive as well as prosperous 
farmer. Mr. Rehder has taken a prom- 
inent part in the affairs of his locality 
and has been for many years chairman 
of the town board. He is vice presi- 
dent of the Comstock State Bank and 
treasurer of the Comstock and Holy 
Cross Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance 
Company. 

Mr. Rehder had only twenty-five 
cents, one mark, expense money, when 
he left Hamburg for America. He had 
a ticket to Davenport, Iowa, one extra 
suit of clothes and a pair of boots. 
Upon reaching New York he met a 
cousin, who had arrived on another 
ship ; but he landed at New York with 
one lone mark in his pocket. 




Tractor Pulling Three Eight-Foot Cut Binders 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



47 




Farmstead of Heimark Farm, Goose Prairie Township 



The farmstead shown herewith is on 
what is known locally as the Heimark 
farm of 480 acres, located in Goose 
Prairie township, two and one-half 
miles southwest of Ulen. It is a choice 
piece of land, slightly rolling, and has 
a fine set of buildings. Nearly all of 
the land is under cultivation and the 
growing of seed potatoes is a specialty. 
Corn and clover are grown extensive- 
ly, the balance of the farm being given 
over to the production of small grains. 
The farm is the property of J. L. and 
J. H. Erickson and is managed by I. 
G. Peterson. 



J. W. Iliggins and Julius Aske are 
two former business men who are now 
engaged in farming. They purchased 
600 acres of choice land along the Red 
River, five miles south of Moorhead, 
and are making it one of the finest 
farms in the county. They will en- 
gage extensively in stock raising and 
growing general farm products. There 
are now upon the farm several hun- 
dred head of Duroc-Jersey hogs and 
a large number of well-bred cattle. 
Last fall a mammoth barn, 40x120 
feet in dimension, and twin silos were 
erected. The illustration shows the 




New Barn on Farm of J. W. Higgins and Julius Aske, South of Moorhead 



48 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




General View of the Buildings on E. D. Grant Farm 



barn under construction, and the five 
workmen on the roof look like flies 
upon a window pane. In the fore- 
ground of the picture are three of the 
young cattle. 



Eugene D. Grant is one of the pro- 
gressive farmers of Clay County, who 
is always found working in the front 
rank in all things along the line of 
agricultural development. Mr. Grant 
was born in Michigan and came to 
Minnesota with his parents in 1877. 
They located at Duluth and four years 
later moved to Clay County. In 1893 
Mr. Grant began farming on his own 



account, and now has 1,400 acres un- 
der cultivation at the home farm in 
Glyndon township, and a quarter sec- 
tion in Riverton township, making a 
total of 1,600 acres. He is an exten- 
sive grower of potatoes, having in- 
creased his acreage of ten in 1893 to 
320, which has been the size of his 
patch each of the past five years. 

Seven years ago Mr. Grant began 
to raise alfalfa and last year cut the 
crop from eighty acres. Red clover 
is another of Mr. Grant's favorite 
crops, and he was one of the first of 
the Clay County farmers to test it out. 
Now it is a feature of his crop rota- 




Elevator Where Grain Is Stored, Cleaned and Ground on the E. D. Grant Farm 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



49 




Loading in Potatoes at the Big Cellar on the E. D. Grant Farm 



tion plan, for his rule for the past 
ten years has been to make two cut- 
tings on 240 acres. Corn is another 
spoke in the crop rotation wheel and 
the illustrations show the silo Mr. 
Grant built this year. He believes that 
alfalfa hay and silage are the best 
and cheapest feed for cattle and his 
stock consume vast quantities of for- 
age. There were 103 head of full 
blood and grade shorthorns on the 
farm when this article was written, 49 
head of Percheron horses and a fine 
bunch of hogs — Yorkshire sows crossed 
with Berkshire boars. The practice on 
the Grant farm is to turn the calves 
only enough milk being saved for use 
and cows out together twice a day — 
on the farm. The calves are given 
all they will eat and each year about 
fifty of them are sold, when eighteen 
months old, for baby beef when they 
command the top price in the market. 

Practically all of the grain sold from 
the farm is used for seed. It is thor- 
oughly cleaned in the elevator, which 
is equipped with the best of machinery 
for the purpose. The screenings go 
into the feed bin and everything is 
ground — no whole grain being fed on 
the Grant farm. 

The potato industry, however, is the 
feature of Mr. Grant's business. In 
1911 he raised over 40.000 bushels of 
Early Ohios and Triumphs. For the 
past eight years he has also handled 
potatoes for other growers — one year 
shipping a total of 203 carloads, mak- 



ing about 122,000 bushels. The root 
cellar on the home farm has a capacity 
of 12,000 bushels ; but the bulk of the 
crop is hauled from the field to the 
cellar and warehouse at Watts, one 
and one-half miles distant. Both of 
the cellars are equipped with elevators 
and other appliances for the economi- 
cal handling of potatoes. 

The buildings on the Grant farm 
constitute a small village with nothing 
lacking, even the ring of the anvil 
in the village smithy. 

Mr. Grant was one of the organizers 
of the Clay County Potato Growers' 
Association and has been its only sec- 
retary. 



Ludvig Walker is one of the old set- 
tlers of Kurtz township. In 1878 Mr. 
Walker came up from Wisconsin, 
where he had been engaged on rail- 
road and other contract work, and 
bought land along the Red River 
where his farm is still located. That 
fall he broke up part of the land so 
it would be ready for seeding in the 
spring. Early in 1879 he came to lo- 
cate, and brought along several head 
of horses and a supply of feed. He 
bought machinery in Moorhead, put in 
his crop and began the erection of his 
first set of buildings. Mr. Walker now 
owns a section of fine land in Kurtz 
township. There are 240 acres in the 
home farm, and two other tracts, one 
of 240 acres and the other 160 acres. 
The usual acreage of potatoes on the 



50 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Ludvig Walker's Residence, on the Red River, Kurtz Township 



Walker farm is 100, and corn and tame 
hay are raised as well as grain. 

Mr. Walker was a member of the 
town board when Kurtz and Holy 
Cross were one municipality, and was 
one of the leaders in the movement to 
organize his home township. He was 
also a member of the school board 
when Kurtz township was included in 
the Moorhead district. After the dis- 
trict was divided he continued as a 
member of the local board until the 



consolidated district at Rustad was 
formed. Mr. Walker has other inter- 
ests besides farming and among them 
is a block of the stock of the First 
State Bank of Moorhead. 



Not many years ago there existed 
anything but friendly relations be- 
tween the farmers and bankers. Now 
all this is changed and the farmers are 
among the leading stockholders of the 
banks of the county. 




Some of Ludvig Walker's Horses — Himself in Right Foreground 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



51 




Peter Lamb Farmstead, Oakport Township 



The accompanying illustration shows 
the Peter Lamb farmstead, in Oakport 
township, three miles north of Moor- 
head. Nearly all of the farm is now 
under cultivation, about eighty acres 
of the timber land having been cleared 
up recently. The larger stumps are 
blasted, and the smaller ones and the 
brush are torn out with a huge tractor 
plow. 

For the past five years Mr. Lamb's 
sons — Owen, Michael and Patrick — 
have had the active management of 



the farm, the business being conducted 
under the name Peter Lamb & Sons. 
In addition to the home farm of 240 
acres the firm cultivates about 800 
acres of leased land. Practically all 
of the plowing is done with gang plows 
hauled by a tractor engine. After har- 
vest this engine forms part of the 
threshing outfit. There are now near- 
ly 150 head of red polls on the farm 
and next year one of the best bulls 
in the state will be added to the herd. 
The Lambs are extensive growers of 




H. J. McCarthy's Corn Field, Near Glyndon 



52 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




The Frank Kimm Farmstead in Oakport Township 



potatoes and corn, and even in 1915 
secured enough seed corn for this year. 
They also have a fifteen-acre patch 
of alfalfa that was sowed with barley 
as a nurse crop. 

The Lamb farm is located in one of 
the bends of the Red River and the 
buildings are sheltered by a heavy 
growth of natural timber. Numerous 
groves of wild plum trees and thickets 
of wild raspberries are found iu the 
openings among the trees. 



Frank Kimm was born in Iowa and 
was only a little chap when his par- 
ents removed to Blue Earth County, 
Minnesota. In 1893 Mr. Kimm came 
to Clay County and engaged in farm- 
ing, being for several years manager 
of the Benedict farms. His home farm 
is 480 acres, in Oakport township, and 
he operates a total of 1,300 acres each 
year. Mr. Kimm is one of the pro- 




gressive farmers of the county, being 
among the first to grow potatoes, corn, 
clover and alfalfa. He has a beautiful 
30 acre field of alfalfa adjoining his 
farmstead on the east. 

Mr. Kimm has a dairy herd of thirty 
Guernsey grades, many of them three- 
fourths full blood. He is breeding up 
and has recently purchased Major 
Dawn, 34,109, to head the family. This 
handsome bull is three years old and 
is a grandson of C'yrene d' Or, 3,977 
F. S., an Island cow with an excep- 
tional butter fat record. 

Beef cattle are also raised on the 
Kimm farm and there are about 55 in 
the herd. 

After serving many years on the 
township board Mr. Kimm was chosen 
to fill the vacancy on the county board 
occasioned by the death of Capt. Rob- 
ert Richards. He was later elected for 
a full term and is now serving his 
fourth year as county commissioner. 



Major Dawn, Registered Guernsey, 
Frank Kimm Farm 



L. S. Thorn is a native of Illinois, 
who came to Clay County from Knox 
County in the state well versed in 
diversified farming. In 1911 he pur- 
chased the Curtis Farm, 280 acres, in 
Oakport township, one mile north of 
the Clay County court house in Moor- 
head. Mr. Thorn is building up a 
dairy herd and making a specialty of 
dairying and stock raising. He has 
about 45 head of Holstein and Short- 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



53 




On the L. S. Thorn Farm— The Big Silo Peeping Over the Barn 



horn grades with a registered Holstein 
bull as the herd sire. His preference 
in swine is the large type of Poland- 
Chinas. 

Mr. Thorn built his silo in 1911 and 
has raised corn every year since com- 
ing to Clay County. Last year he 
cut the crops from 160 acres of clover, 
and in the fall, began breaking 80 
acres of clover sod, plowing eight 
inches deep and using eight horses on 
a gang. Mr. Thom is well pleased with 
the results of his five acre experiment- 
al plot of alfalfa and next season will 
materially increase the acreage. Po- 
tatoes and small grains are also stand- 
ard crops on the Thom farm. 

The fine set of buildings, with a 
grove on the north and west, are 
shown in the picture of the farmstead. 



F. M. Rice was an experienced 
farmer when he came to Clay County 
from Knox County, Illinois. It is five 
years since he bought the Nye farm 
and began to make it among the best 
in Moland township. One of the illus- 
trations shows Mr. Rice and his little 
daughter in his root cellar — it also 
shows some of the finest potatoes 
grown in 1915. Potatoes are grown 
quite extensively on Mr. Rice's half 
section farm. He usually raises about 
60 acres of Minnesota No. 13 corn and 
this season will seed 20 acres to al- 
falfa. His herd of cattle are grade 
shorthorns with a registered bull as 
sire. 

Mr. Rice has made numerous im- 
provements on the farm since he pur- 
chased it and now has a fine set of 




Looking Backward — F. M. Rice Farm, Moland Township 



54 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Homelike Farm Yard Scene and Residence 



farm buildings. He paid $55.00 per 
acre for the farm, and it is doubtful 
if an offer of double that amount 
would be an inducement for him to 
part with it now. 

The nearest shipping point is Watts, 
five miles, and the market is Moor- 
head, ten miles distant. 



One who looks at the pictures of 
the home and farm buildings of 
Charles Fossay would know at a 
glance that here is comfort and con- 
tentment. They are located in a grove 
of native oak ten miles north of Moor- 
head in Oakport township. Mr. Fos- 
say practices diversified farming and 
nearly all of the 200 acres included in 



the farm are under the plow. He has 
a fair sized herd of shorthorns and is 
gradually increasing the number. 
While last year was a hard one for 
corn growers, Mr. Fossay had mature 
corn and has plenty of seed for this 
year. He also grows potatoes extens- 
ively and always has clean, smooth 
stock. His trial patch of alfalfa has 
convinced him of the value of this 
crop and he expects to materially in- 
crease the acreage this year. The 
Fossay farm is a near neighbor to the 
Oakmound Consolidated School, and 
several of the teachers make it their 
home during the school year. Krag- 
nes, two miles to the east, is the near- 
est shipping point. 




Wheat Field Near Ulen— Don't Try to Count the Shocks 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



55 




of Charles Fossay, Kragnes Township 



The "James Farm," owned by Hu- 
go Bachenheimer of Moorhead, is a 
fine half-section tract in Oakport 
township, five miles north of the coun- 
ty seat. Many improvements have 
been made on the farm, some of them 
being shown in the illustration of the 
farmstead. Modern, intensified meth- 
ods are employed on the James Farm, 
and stock raising and dairying will be 
made leading features of the farming 
operations. The present acreage of 
alfalfa (20) will be increased next 
year and about 20 acres will be seed- 
ed to clover. A good sized patch of 
corn will be raised this year and a silo 



will be added to the building equip- 
ment. 

William and Andrew Krabbenhoft, 
two young farmers from the Sabin 
neighborhood, are the resident man- 
agers of the farm. 



Oakport and Kragnes Telephone 
Company 

The Oakport and Kragnes Telephone 
Company is a mutual organization that 
began business in 1908. Each share 
holder paid into the treasury $50.00 
and later paid an assessment of $10.00 
to complete the construction of the 
company's lines. The average annual 




The "James Farm" on Oakport Township, Owned by H. Bachenheimer 



56 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Home of Jorgen Jensen, One of the Buffalo River Pioneers 



expense has been $12.00 for each of 
the fifty-five subscribers. This includes 
connection with the lines of the North- 
western Telephone Company at Moor- 
head, with no additional charge for 
local service. Formerly the North- 
western Telephone Company owned all 
of the instruments and received $9.00 
per year for each phone in use. Since 
April, 1914, the local company has 
owned the instruments and the cost of 
connection was then reduced to $6.00 
per year for each phone. 

The officers of the company are : 
Victor Johnson, president ; M. G. Steen, 
secretary, and N. J. Ness, treasurer. 



"Not a single load of straw has been 
burned on any farm since I have owned 
it," was the startling statement made 
by Jorgen Jensen. It helps to explain 
why the Jensen farm produced a train- 
load of stock, potatoes, grain and other 
products in 1914. He has kept up the 
land by raising stock and growing di- 
versified crops. Today the soil is as 
fertile as when the first crop was 
raised. 



Mr. Jensen was the pioneer breede: 
of Holstein cattle in Clay County. H< 
owned full-blood stock and alway: 
kept a registered sire. He raised Hoi 
steins because he liked the breed; anc 
this is natural, for Mr. Jensen was bon 
in Schleswig-Holstein of Danish par 
ents. He came to America with nil 
parents in 1870 and settled on the Buf 
falo River in Clay County. 

Mr. Jensen is one of the big men o: 
Clay County, and has done much to aic 
in developing its resources and to pro 
mote the things that are worth while 
He is president of the Kragnes Farm 
crs' Elevator & Mercantile Co., a di 
rector of the First State Bank of Moor 
head and of the Comstock & Holy Cross 
Farmers' Insurance Company. 

In 1886 he was elected sheriff of th( 
county and served two terms. He was 
elected to the Minnesota Legislature ii 
1890. but the fusionists, who controllec 
the House, refused to seat him, as h( 
was a Republican. 



Looking across Swede Grove Lak< 
one may see the fine set of building! 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



57 




Looking Across Swede Grove Lake — Mensing and Johnson Farm in Distance 



on the 400 acre farm that lies along its 
shores. Much of the land has been 
broken up by the new owners, H. F. 
Mensing and D. G. Johnson, of Haw- 
ley. Corn, potatoes and grain are the 
principal crops and a five-acre trial 
patch of alfalfa has proven successful. 
The farm is in Highland Grove town- 
ship, two and one-half miles southeast 
of Hitterdal. 

Rollag Telephone Company 

The Rollag Telephone Company was 
organized by eight eastern Clay Coun- 
ty farmers in April, 1904, and the net- 
work of lines now covers the entire 
eastern part of Clay and extends 
into Becker and Otter Tail counties. 
Exchanges are maintained by the com- 
pany at Rollag and Hitterdal, and con- 
nections are made with trunk lines 
and local exchanges at Hawley, 
Barnesville and other points. At Dale 
the Lake Park system, covering a 
large part of Becker County, is met 
by the company's lines. 



Since the first lines were installed 
there has been continual improvement 
until the system now ranks with the 
best in the state. There are 308 sub- 
scribers on the 398 miles of lines, ex- 
clusive of the hundreds of patrons of 
other lines in the cities and villages 
with which direct connections are 
maintained. 

The authorized capital of the com- 
pany is $25,000 and the actual work- 
ing capital has been $10,870.00. It has 
been a paying institution from the 
start; and, with the exception of one 
year, annual dividends of eight per 
cent have been paid. The company 
has a good working surplus in the 
treasury ; and this year decided to set 
aside five per cent of the gross earn- 
ings as a sinking fund to provide for 
any emergencies that may arise. The 
present officers are : H. M. Tang, pres- 
ident; Herbran Erickson, vice presi- 
dent and A. L. Ruud, secretary and 
treasurer. 




Scene on the Mensing and Johnson Farm, Highland Grove Township 



58 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Theodor H. Skrei's Farmstead — as Well Kept as a Park 



Theodor H. Skrei was the first white 
child born in the Buffalo River Set- 
tlement and is a fine example of the 
home grown product. He began farm- 
ing on his own account 24 years ago 
when he came of age. His parents 
came to Clay county in 1870 and locat- 
ed a homestead, now a part of Mr. 
Skrei's farm. He now owns 400 acres 
and crops about 100 acres additional 
of rented land each year. No farmer 
in ( 'lay county keeps his land in better 
condition or is more systematic in ro- 
tating his crops. In many respects the 
Skrei farm is a model. 

The farmstead is well arranged and 



beautifully kept. Every modern con- 
venience is found in the fine home — 
hot water heat, gas light, artesian and 
soft water throughout, with drainage 
by sewer to the river. Flowers, shrub- 
bery and a well-kept lawn add to the 
attractiveness of this home. 

Mr. Skrei has the foundation for a 
fine Holstein herd. He already owns 
many head of the best strains of reg- 
istered stock of these handsome cattle. 
The Skrei herd includes several prize 
winners and is one of the best in this 
part of the country. Mr. Skrei is also 
a breeder of full-blood Duroc-Jersey 
swine. 






Harvesting Potatoes on T. H. Skrei's Farm, Moland Township 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



5!> 




New Buildings on the Gilbert Kassenborg Farm, Moland Township 



He is one of the leading potato grow- 
ers of the county and always produces 
clean stock. One of the illustrations 
shows a field that averaged 220 bush- 
els — the seed was selected, and the per- 
centage of culls was very small. An- 
other illustration shows the potato har- 
vesting crew at work, with the potato 
house in the background. Storage ca- 
pacity for 5,000 bushels is provided by 
the basement. The driveway extends 
through the house, and sacked potatoes 
are elevated to the height of the wag- 
ons for convenient loading. 

Mr. Skrei will cut the crop from 
over 40 acres of alfalfa this season and 
will pasture about 15 acres more. He 
plowed under 30 acres of alfalfa sod 
last fall, and his rotation plan pro- 
vides for turning under 40 acres of 
alfalfa stubble each year. Mr. Skrei 
raises corn extensively as well as grain. 

Milo R. G. Skrei, the oldest son, has 
started as a farmer. A picture shows 
the ten ears of 1914 corn on which he 
won one of the Minnesota State Fair 
prizes in the boys' contest. 



Gilbert Kassenborg is one of the sec- 
ond generation of the old settlers of 
the county, the family having come 
from Houston County in 1872 and set- 
tled on the Buffalo River. The illus- 
tration shows the buildings Mr. Kas- 
senborg has erected on his 260-acre 
farm during the past two years. He 
also farms 240 acres belonging to his 
father's estate, making about 450 acres 
under cultivation, the balance being 
timber and pasture. 

Mr. Kassenborg grows corn quite 
extensively, and even last year saved 
over 50 bushels of seed. He has plenty 
of fair ear corn, besides filling his big 
silo. Last year he seeded 12 acres to 
alfalfa. He raises Shorthorn cattle, 
principally for beef. Mr. Kassenborg 
also has interests in Moorhead, and, 
among other things, has invested some 
of his surplus capital in the stock of 
the First State Bank. 

Kragnes, five miles west, is the near- 
est market point, and the distance to 
Moorhead is nine miles. 




John F. Begge Farm, Moland Township — William Lang, Manager, Moorhead 



60 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Otto J. Grover's Farm as It Appears from the Northeast 



Otto J. Grover is one of the leaders 
in diversified farming. His farm con- 
tains 478 acres, and of this 70 acres 
are timbered and used for pasture. 
He has 30 acres seeded to alfalfa and 
35 to clover and timothy. Each year 
he plants 50 acres of corn and has been 
a successful grower of seed. Potatoes 
are one of the leading crops ; and, on 
the balance of the farm, wheat, oats 



and barley are raised. 

Mr. Grover has already laid about 
300 rods of 6-inch tile and is so well 
pleased with the results that he ex- 
pects to continue until every low spot 
on his farm is under-drained. He has 
excellent outlets — the Buffalo River 
and a ditch on the north 12 feet deep. 

The Grover herd of 37 pure-bred 
Holstein-Friesian cattle is one of the 




Sir Pietertje Ormsby Mercedes 22nd, Sire of Otto J. Grover's Herd 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



ill 




Coming Up the Driveway on the Otto J. Grover Farm 



best in this part of the country. Sir 
Pietertje Ormsby Mercedes 22nd is the 
grand bull that heads the herd. He is 
a son of the senior sire of the E. C. 
Schroeder herd, Sir Pietertje Ormsby 
Mercedes, and his dam is Riverview 
Fytje De Kol Ormsby. with a state rec- 



ord of 1.070.75 pounds of butter and 
26,134 pounds of milk in one year. The 
illustrations show the 2,400-pound sire 
and part of the rest of the herd. 

Mr. Grover 's beautiful farmstead is 
located on the east bank of the Buffalo 
River and is most conveniently ar- 




Registered Holstein Cattle — Part of Otto J. Grover's Herd 



62 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




"Clear View Farm" — Emil Lambert's Home 



ranged. All of the buildings are light- 
ed by electricity, and in the house the 
power is used for several other pur- 
poses. The house is also equipped with 
many other modern conveniences. 



Emil Lambert is one of the progres- 
sive farmers of Moorhead township 
who has always been too busy to find a 
wife. He came to Clay County with 
his uncle in 1884. At that time land 
was cheap and his uncle bought what 
is now Mr. Lambert's home farm for 
$7.00 per acre. Later another quarter 
section was purchased for $12.50, and 
for the last quarter of the three-quar- 
ter section farm $45.00 per acre was 
paid. 

Mr. Lambert has a herd of grade 
cattle with a registered bull at the 
head. He also raises thoroughbred 
Poland-China hogs and believes that 
hogs in alfalfa are better than pigs 
in clover, so he has fenced a seven-acre 
patch for a hog pasture. The usual 




acreage of potatoes is 100 and it is one 
of Mr. Lambert's practices to plow un- 
der the clover before planting pota- 
toes. 

The illustrations show the farmstead, 
silo filling scene, big tractor pulling 12- 
bottom plow outfit and five gang plows 
at work. 

Mr. Lambert's threshing outfit in- 
cludes a portable grain elevator — a 
great labor saver in transferring grain 
from tank wagons to granaries, or in 
loading ears. 

Bon Ton II.. Mr. Lambert's black 
Percheron stallion, is one of the lead- 
ing sires in the western part of the 
county. A cut of the head and neck 
of this fine animal appears on the last 
cover page. 



Portable Elevator Loading from Grain Tank 
to Elevator, Emil Lambert Farm 



Cheap Telephone Service 

The Buffalo River Telephone Com- 
pany furnishes service to its 45 sub- 
scribers at $9.00 per year, which in- 
cludes $6.00 terminal connection for 
each 'phone in use. At the time of 
beginning business, eight years ago, 
each shareholder contributed $40.00 
mikI subsequently paid an assessment 
of $15.00 to purchase the line forming 
the connecting link to the terminal. 
The company has no surplus and has 
no debts — the $3.00 above the terminal 
charge covering the expense of mainte- 
nance on the 30 miles of lines. 

B. J. Gunderson is president ; Gun- 
der O. Lee, secretary and treasurer,, 
and A. T. Grover, manager. 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



63 




Residence of Frank W. Janneck, Near Barnesville 



Frank W. Janneck has made a suc- 
cess of diversified farming and the il- 
lustrations show the fine home and 
buildings on his farm in Humboldt 
township, one and one-half miles north 
of Barnesville. Dairying is the lead- 
ing industry and Mr. Janneck 's check 
at the Barnesville Co-operative cream- 
ery is never a small one. Mr. Janneck 
has ten acres of alfalfa, 15 acres of 



clover; and each year raises a good 
sized field of corn. He keeps his land 
under a high state of cultivation and, 
when there is no work on the farm, 
keeps his teams busy hauling manure 
from Barnesville. 

Mr. Janneck 's father came to Clay 
County in 1887 and took a homestead. 
Since 1902 the present owner has op- 
erated the farm on his own account 




Farmyard of Frank W. Janneck, Humboldt Township 



64 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 







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upp 


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James Peterson's Farmstead, Elmwood Township 



and has more than doubled the acre- 
age. It is a pleasure to visit a farm 
that is so well kept and homelike in 
every way. It is safe to predict that 
many farmers will make their farm 
homes as attractive as Mr. Janneck 
has made his farmstead. 



James Peterson, now a prosperous 
Elmwood township farmer, was for 
many years engaged in the draying 
business in Moorhead. In the spring 
of 1910 he purchased the quarter sec- 
tion where his home buildings are now 
located. He moved on the farm and 
got busy. He was accustomed to hard 
work and did not form any new habits 



on the farm. The reward of his labor 
was plentiful crops, and another 80 
acres was added to the farm. Now 
Mr. Peterson owns 400 acres of as good 
land as lies out of doors. At the be- 
ginning of the present winter he had 
4,000 bushels of Early Ohio potatoes 
in his root cellar and all the grain he 
raised last year in his granary, except 
what he sold to pay his threshing bill. 



P.H. Lamb came to Moorhead in 1872 
from Knox County, Missouri. He did 
teaming, conducted a brick yard and 
built several buildings. In 1877 he 
began to operate his farm in Oakport 
township, but always resided in Moor- 




Buildings on P. H. Lamb Farm, Oakport Township 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



65 




Farm Home of William H. Ferris, Elmwood Township, South of Sabin 



head. He has always been looking for 
the new things in agriculture and was 
ever one of the first to test anything 
that promised improvement. He has 
rented the larger part of his farm and 
is now practicing intensified farming 
on 65 acres. He has raised alfalfa for 
the past five years and considers it 
one of the most valuable crops the 
farmers can raise. He grows several 
acres of sweet corn each year for the 
Remington Packing Company of Moor- 
head. One of the illustrations shows 
seed corn drying on the front of Mr. 
Lamb's granary — it tested 96 per cent. 
Mr. Lamb has been president of the 
Moorhead National Bank since 1893. 
He was one of the incorporators of the 
Dilworth State Bank and has been its 
only president. 



W. H. Ferris came to Clay county 
35 years ago and today is one of those 
who can afford to take life easy. No 
one who knows Mr. Ferris, however, 
would accuse him of loafing on the job. 
He is a native of Ireland, County 
Down, and lived on one of the Thou- 
sand Islands in the St. Lawrence river 
before coming to Minnesota. He lo- 
cated a homestead in Elmwood town- 
ship and chopped wood along the Red 
River several winters. With the money 



he earned working out he bought more 
land in Wilkin county. Now he owns 
over 1,000 acres of the best land in the 
Red River Valley — 560 acres in Clay 
and 480 in Wilkin county. 

Mr. Ferris' farmstead, three miles 
southeast of Sabin, is one of the land- 
marks of that section. His big house 
is nearly surrounded by a fine grove 
of trees and the barns and outbuild- 
ings are conveniently located to the 
south. The house is modern in every 
way — the illustration shows the west 
side and rear. 

Potato growing, general farming and 
stock raising are the rule on the Ferris 
farm. When winter closed down there 
were 8,000 bushels of seed potatoes in 
the root cellar to be sold in the spring. 



Rustad Farmers' Elevator 
The Farmers' Elevator & Trading 
Company of Rustad was organized in 
July, 1913, with eighteen farmers as 
stockholders. Elevator property, val- 
ued at $4,800 is owned by this company 
and a $1,500 surplus was on hand on 
the first of the year. 

The officers are : M. O. Valan, pres- 
ident; Louis Miller, vice president; 
Sam Rustad, secretary, and Even Cor- 
neliussen, treasurer. 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Hog House 120x24 Feet on M. 0. Valan Farm 



Malkar 0. Valan has made wonder- 
ful progress as a farmer, potato grow- 
er and stock raiser since he began 
farming in Clay County. He now 
owns 1,600 acres of choice land in Clay 
Countv and a half section farm in Cass 
County, North Dakota. In 1889 Mr. 
Valan arrived from Norway and for 
three years was foreman on the Elm- 
wood Farm. When this farm was bro- 
ken up he bought 960 acres at $25 — 
on the crop payment plan. His other 



holdings have been acquired since, the 
last purchase being made last fall. 

Mr. Valan is one of the heavy grow- 
ers and shippers of potatoes of the 
county. In 1913 he harvested 64,000 
bushels from 700 acres. He has a 
36,000-bushel root cellar on the farm, 
and is joint owner with Louis Alten- 
bernd in a 20,000-bushel cellar and 
warehouse on the Great Northern 
track at Rustad. On another page is 
a potato harvesting scene showing 




Interior of M. 0. Valan's Mammoth Hog House 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



67 




Duroc-Jersey Boar— Weight 800 Pounds— M. 0. Valan Farm 



eight diggers and the picking crew. 

Corn is another of the crops Mr. 
Valan has grown successfully for many 
years, and the illustrations show three 
views of his field husker at work, and, 
incidentally, the type of horses used 
on the farm. Mr. Valan was one of 
the first farmers to seed alfalfa, and 
the acreage on his farm is now 110. 
Wheat, barley and oats are raised on 
the potato and corn ground. The 



yield is large and the quality excep- 
tionally good. Last year he threshed 
over 6,000 bushels of Marquis wheat 
from 150 acres. It graded No. 1 and 
no dockage. 

Mr. Valan is a breeder of registered 
Duroc-Jerseys and has a model hog 
house, the largest and most complete 
in this part of the country. Two views 
of this mammoth house are shown — 
the exterior showing the method of 




Rustad Consolidated School House 



68 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




The John Corneliussen Farmstead, Kurtz Township 



admitting sunlight to every part, and 
the interior showing the convenient 
arrangement of the pens. The house 
is 120x24, has cement floors through- 
out and is equipped with a heating sys- 
tem. Another illustration shows the 
800-pound hoar with Mr. Valan kneel- 
ing behind. Many of the Valan strain 
of Duroc-Jerseys are the sires and 
dams of other herds in Minnesota and 
North Dakota. 

Mr. Valan is one of the busiest men 
in Clay County, and is always ready 
to go to the bottom of anything per- 
taining to the farm. He is vice-presi- 
dent of the Clay County Farm Bureau 
and president of the Rustad Farmers' 
Elevator & Trading Company. 



John Corneliussen is making a spe- 
cialty of raising seed grain and other 
seed on his Red River farm of 287 acres 
in Kurtz township. He has won nu- 
merous prizes on his seed and expects 
to win many more. In 1915 he had a 
13-acre piece of wheat that yielded 636 
bushels — a shade under 49 to the acre. 
This patch yielded over 40 bushels of 



barley each of the two preceding years. 
Mr. Corneliussen raises Marquis and 
Velvet Chaff wheat, and the average 
from 132 acres was 25 bushels. Swe- 
dish Select oats gave 70 bushels ma- 
chine measure. Last year, while some 
seed was saved, most of the corn went 
into the silo. Potatoes, clover and bar- 
ley are regular crops, and a six-acre 
plot was seeded to alfalfa last spring 
with the barley. 

Mr. Corneliussen came to Moorhead 
33 years ago and has lived in this vi- 
cinity ever since. In 1892 he began 
farming on his own account. He paid 
$37.00 an acre for the land and esti- 
mates the cost of improvements made 
since to be about $40.00 per acre. The 
buildings are shown in the illustration. 
Modern improvements in the house in- 
clude hot water heat, gas lighting 
plant, bath room supplied by a pressure 
tank and sewer outlet to the river. 

Since the formation of the consoli- 
dated school district at Rustad Mr. 
Corneliussen has been its clerk. It is 
only three miles from the farm to Rus- 
tad and seven miles to Moorhead. 



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tibiOkl'4 


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Frank T. Schroeder's Home Farm, Glyndon Township 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



69 




Ready for the Threshers — J. P. Landin Farm, South of Moorhead 



Frank T. Schroeder is a native of 
Germany, who came to Clay County 
about 35 years ago. For two years 
before beginning farming he was sec- 
tion foreman on the Northern Pacific, 
and today he is the owner of 1,200 acres 
of the choicest land in Clay County. 
Potato growing and stock raising are 
the leading industries on the half-sec- 
tion home farm in Glyndon township. 
There are about 80 head of Polled An- 
gus in the herd and a registered bull 
is the sire. The farming operations 
here are conducted by three of Mr. 
Schroeder 's sons — Otto, Herbert and 
Walter. 

The Red River Farm, four miles 
south of Moorhead, has 480 acres lying 
close to the river. About 100 acres of 
potatoes are also raised on this farm 
each year. Plans are being made for 
adding a herd of cattle to the stock 
now on the farm. Three other sons — 
Frank, Emil and Henry — manage this 
farm. 

The first year Mr. Schroeder owned 
the River Farm he raised 17,000 bush- 
els of potatoes on 70 acres, and sold 



most of them for over a dollar a bushel 
— the price received for part being 
$1.23. 

Mr. Schroeder is one of the stock- 
holders of the First State Bank of 
Moorhead and has numerous other in- 
terests. 



J. P. Landin came to Clay County 
in 18S1 and bought land two miles 
south of Moorhead, where he has since 
been engaged in farming. He recent- 
ly purchased the James Anderson land, 
paying $100 an acre for it, and now 
has upwards of 230 acres in his farm. 
A 10-acre tract of the land, lying near 
the Red River, was cleared of timber 
and broken up last year. Corn will be 
planted on this land next spring, and 
Mr. Landin believes he will have a 
record crop. 

Mr. Landin and his son-in-law, Curt 
Ogren, will conduct the farm together. 
They already have 30 head of Guern- 
sey grade cattle and expect to increase 
their dairy herd. They will also raise 
potatoes and diversified crops. 




Typical Harvesting Scene Near Ulen 



Hi 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




E. C. Schroeder's Farm — From the Highway 



E. C. Schroeder has helped to bring 
Clay County into prominence, and the 
good, old German name is now as well 
known to those who are interested in 
stock raising as it has come to be 
known of recent years to the potato 
growers of the country. 

Mr. Schroeder began farming four- 
teen years ago, and potato growing 
was one of the leading industries of 
his farm in Glyndon township. A few 



years later he found it would be neces- 
sary to use some fertilizer to maintain 
the productiveness of the soil. His ex- 
periment with a herd of 80 grade Hol- 
steins was satisfactory; but there was 
no sale for the bull calves. Mr. Schroe- 
der made the important step, and the 
foundation for his splendid pure-bred 
herd of Holstein-Friesians was laid in 
November, 1909, by the purchase of 
28 head of females. 




Residence on E. C. Schroeder Farm — Across the Velvet Lawn 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



«**£*tffe6«fttal|| 



*X* "•** 




Part of E. C. Schroeder's Prize Herd of Holstein-Friesians 



Then the grand senior sire of the 
herd, Sir Pietertje Ormsby Mercedes, 
was purchased. His dam, Pietertje 
Maid Ormsby, was a superb animal 
with numerous records to her credit. 
Sir Pietertje 's get have won prizes and 
established records until the Schroe- 
der herd is now considered one of the 
few best in the country. 

There are so many high-bred, record- 
making, prize-winning animals of both 
sexes in the Schroeder herd that it is 
only possible, in a limited space, to 
refer to them as a whole. The herd 
has been built upon a splendid founda- 
tion, and the standard has been so well 
maintained that the Schroeder Hol- 
steins have a world-wide reputation. 
Their superiority has been proven by 
winning prizes over all competitors. 



and by establishing milk and butter 
producing records. 

Mr. Schroeder's farm is one of the 
show places of the Northwest. Every- 
thing about the home and the farm 
buildings is kept in order. The illus- 
trations show the park-like grounds 
and the admirable arrangement of the 
fine buildings. They do not show, how- 
ever, the scrupulous cleanliness of the 
interiors of the buildings where the 
aristocrats of the herd are housed. 

The Schroeder farm is operated like 
a well constructed piece of machinery. 
Here is practiced diversified farming 
in all of its branches. Potatoes are one 
of the staple crops, and corn is another. 
Extensive tracts are seeded to alfalfa 
and clover, and a good-sized patch of 
mangel wurzels helps to provide bal- 




Younger Members of E. C. Schroeder's Prize Herd of Holsteins 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Residence of Henry Schroeder Near Sabin and Part of the Buildings — 



anced rations for the herd. 

Watts Siding is located at the farm, 
and Mr. Schroeder 's potato cellar and 
warehouse are on the south side of the 
track. Grain and other produce are 
loaded at the farm. The distance to 
Moorhead is less than five miles, the 
state road being only a quarter of a 
mile north of the farm home. 



. Henry Schroeder is the father of the 
potato industry in Clay county. He 
began growing potatoes for Eastern 
seed houses in 1893 and has made it 
the leading feature of his farming op- 
erations for over twenty years. In 
1894 he shipped eight carloads of seed 
potatoes to Eastern and Southern 
points. Four years later the shipments 
from Sabin aggregated 143 carloads, 
most of them being shipped by Mr. 
Schroeder. 

The 1914 acreage of potatoes, grown 
by Mr. Schroeder, was 550 ; and com- 
bined with his sons, was 800. The larg- 
est number of bushels harvested by 
them in one year was 110,000. In 1915 
the combined yield of their several 
farms was 86,000 bushels of potatoes. 

Mr. Schroeder has handled and 
shipped as many as 400 carloads of 
potatoes from one crop, but he now 



has so many other interests that he is 
not shipping much of the product of 
other growers. He raises Early Ohios, 
Cobblers, Triumphs and White Ohios, 
a new potato that he developed on one 
of his Sabin farms. Several years ago 
a few of the white potatoes were found 
among the Early Ohios and these were 
saved and planted the next year. In 
1915 Mr. Schroeder produced 4,000 
bushels of White Ohios. 

Mr. Schroeder was one of the pio- 
neers in growing both red clover and 
alfalfa and now makes it a rule to keep 
100 acres seeded to each of these for- 
age crops. Last year he made two cut- 
tings of clover and timothy from old 
potato ground that had been manured, 
and the yield was five tons to the acre 
— three and one-half from the first and 
one and one-half from the second cut- 
ting. He has a fine herd of Holstein 
grades with one of the best bulls from 
the herd of his son, E. C. Schroeder, 
as sire. Apples for use on the farm 
are mostly home grown in the orchard 
east of the house. 

It has always been Mr. Schroeder 's 
aim to produce the best of everything, 
and he keeps his land in condition to 
do this. His potatoes are the stand- 
ard in the markets, and his grain is of 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



73 




Tree Bordered Driveway on Right 

the highest grade and free from foul 
seed — weeds have no place on the 
Schroeder farms. 

Mr. ■ Schroeder has numerous other 
interests— he is president of the First 
National Bank of Moorhead and of the 
Sabin State Bank. He was one of the 
organizers of the Clay County Potato 
Growers' Association and is one of its 
officers. He has been one of the most 
active members of the Clay County 
Farm Bureau since its organization. 



When Mr. Schroeder left his home in 
Germany he was less than 16 years old. 
He came to Douglas county, Minnesota, 
and worked for the settlers during the 
summers and falls. For several years 
he spent the winters trapping in Doug- 
las and Otter Tail counties. In 1878 
he came to Clay county and secured 
a tree claim. Since that time he has 
increased his holdings until the Schroe- 
der farms include several thousands 
of acres of the choicest land in the Red 
River Valley. 




Loading in Potatoes at Henry Schroeder's Warehouse, Sabin 



74 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




At the Louis Altenbernd Home Farm, Sabin 



Louis Altenbernd has made a suc- 
cess of potato growing and general 
farming in Clay County. He came 
from Lawrence, Kansas, in 1903 and 
bought a 240-acre farm, now his home 
place, adjoining Sabin on the south. 
The first year he raised 75 acres of 
potatoes, and is now one of the exten- 
sive growers, raising about 400 acres 
each year. He is also one of the heavi- 
est dealers of the county, and besides 
the four root cellars on his farms, with 
storage capacity for 26,000 bushels, he 
has five shipping warehouses on track. 
The combined capacity of the cellars 
and warehouses is 106,000 bushels. 

Mr. Altenbernd 's warehouses are 
located at Sabin, Baker, Rustad and 
Downer on the Great Northern and at 
Watts on the Northern Pacific. The 
Rustad house is owned jointly with 
M. O. Valan of Kurtz township. Mr. 
Altenbernd began to deal in potatoes 
in 1904, and the shipments in one year 
aggregated over 500 carloads. 



He is the owner of 1,400 acres of un- 
encumbered land in Elmwood and Al- 
liance townships, all within six miles 
of a shipping pont. While potato 
raising is the leading feature of Mr. 
Altenbernd 's farming operations, he 
raises other crops on a large scale. He 
has 90 acres of alfalfa, and the usual 
corn patch is 100 acres. He raises 
some stock and owns a big bunch of 
fine horses. The home farm has a fine 
set of buildings, and all are well 
equipped and modern. The elevator, 
part of which is shown in the illustra- 
tion, is of 17,000 bushels capacity. All 
the grain is cleaned in the elevator, and 
all feed used on the farms is ground at 
home in a roller mill. 

Mr. Altenbernd is a director of the 
Comstock State Bank and of the Clay 
County Potato Growers' Association. 



The Pleasant View Dairy Farm is 
appropriately named and the view 
from the home may well be imagined 




Loading in Potatoes — Cellar on Louis Altenbernd Farm 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



75 




"Pleasant View Dairy Farm" — Home of A. H. Braman, Alliance Township 



from the opposite view shown in the 
illustration. It is the home of A. H. 
Braman and his son, John H. Braman, 
and is the west half of section 12 in 
Alliance township. The home quarter 
was located by A. H. Braman as a 
homestead in 1885. The following 
spring Mr. Braman moved on the 
claim, which has been his home con- 
tinuously for the past 30 years. 

Dairying has been one of the lead- 
ing industries of the farm and for 
many years Mr. Braman sold his but- 
ter, poultry and eggs to regular cus- 
tomers in Moorhead. Mr. Braman was 
one of the first farmers of Clay Coun- 
ty to raise diversified crops, and is an 
extensive grower of potatoes. The 



market town is Baker, two miles north 
of the farm. Mr. Braman considers 
Clay County the garden spot of the 
northwest, where crops never fail. 

There is no more public-spirited citi- 
zen in Clay County than Mr. Braman, 
and few have been more active in the 
affairs of his community. It was large- 
ly through his efforts that the Baker 
rural mail route was secured before 
the county system was established. In 
school and township matters, and in- 
cidentally, in politics, Mr. Braman has 
ever been a factor. 



Early in the eighties Erick Johnson 
came to Clay County and located in 
Eglon township. He made a success 




Scene on the Erick Johnson Farm, Eglon Township, Near Hawley 



76 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Ernest Schroeder's Farm Home — Model Buildings Well Arranged 



of farming and has now retired from 
the active management and removed 
to Hawley. The farmstead shown on 
this page is the Johnson home on the 
200 acre farm, located along the banks 
of the North Buffalo river. The dis- 
tance to Hawley, the nearest market 
town, is a little over two miles, and the 
Northern Pacific station, Manitoba 
Junction, is only one mile from the 
farm. 

A diversity of crops are produced 
on the farm, including corn, potatoes 
and a ten-acre patch of alfalfa. Stock 
raising is also a feature, and it is an 
ideal tract for this purpose. The farm 



is now operated by Henry Estrim. 

Ernest Schroeder managed his 433- 
acre farm in Glyndon township last 
year, but did not make it his home 
until December. As on all the Schroe- 
der farms, potato growing is one of 
the leading industries. Mr. Schroeder 
will diversify his crops and raise some 
cattle. The farmstead is one of the 
best located and conveniently arranged 
in the county. It lies on the west bank 
of the South Buffalo and is on the 
Moorhead-Glyndon state road. It is 
only six miles east of Moorhead and 
is near to Glyndon and the shipping 
station at Watts. 




Barnyard of the H. C. Possehl Farm, Baker 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



77 




Scene on the H. C. Possehl Home Farm at Baker 



H. C. Possehl located at Baker in 
the spring of 1902, coming from Iowa. 
He bought the L. H. Baker farm, 250 
acres, adjoining the townsite, and a 
year later purchased from Mr. Baker 
the general store. For eleven years 
Mr. Possehl was post master at Baker 
and was one of the promoters of the 
rural mail route starting from that 
village. Mr. Possehl later purchased 
the Evans farm, 480 acres, in section 
10 in Alliance, and now operates both 
farms. He also deals extensively in 
potatoes and has a cellar and ware- 
house on the Great Northern track at 
Baker. Mr. Possehl is also interested 
in the automobile business at Barnes- 
ville. 

The illustrations show the buildings 
on the home farm. 



Frank P. Thompson is one of the old 
settlers of Elmwood township and one 
of the leading farmers of the Sabin- 
Baker neighborhood. He located on 
the home farm in 1880 and has been 
an industrious and thrifty tiller of the 
soil. His fine farm home, shown in the 
illustration, is modern and complete in 
every way. Mr. Thompson is one of 
the men who accomplish things with- 
out making much noise about it. 

Potatoes and grain are the leading 
crops, about 70 or 80 acres of the for- 
mer being grown each year. A fair- 
sized herd of Shorthorn cattle is kept, 
and fat steers can always be found on 
the Thompson farm. 

Mr. Thompson attends closely to the 
business of the farm. He is also inter- 




Part of Frank P. Thompson Farmstead, Alliance Township 



78 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Farmstead of E. 0. Peterson, One of the Pioneers of Parke Township 



ested in the general affairs of the local- 
ity and is a stockholder in the state 
banks at Sabin and Baker. 



one of the stockholders of the Hawley 
State Bank. 



Even 0. Peterson located in Parke 
township in the early eighties, coming 
from Wisconsin, where he learned the 
trade of a miller. He has been one of 
the leading farmers of the southeast- 
ern part of the county during his 32 
years' residence. General farming and 
dairying is Mr. Peterson's system, and 
a visit to his 290-acre farm will con- 
vince any one that he has been success- 
ful. His farmstead is well located and 
conveniently arranged. The buildings 
are ample and are well protected by a 
fine grove. A long range view of the 
farmstead is shown in the accompany- 
ing illustration. 

Besides taking an active and leading 
part in the affairs of his community, 
Mr. Peterson is president of the Haw- 
ley Farmers' Elevator Company and 



Victor Johnson arrived in Clay Coun- 
ty on New Year's day, 1903, from his 
former home in Illinois. At that time 
the only improvement on the west half 
of section 15 in Oakport township was 
the turning over of the sod. Mr. John- 
json has prospered, and the illustration 
shows the fine farmstead of "Oakport 
Center Farm," four miles north of 
Moorhead. 

Mr. Johnson has grown corn suc- 
cessfully since he began farming in 
Clay County. He is a general farmer, 
diversifies his crops and keeps his land 
in good condition. His cattle are Hol- 
stein grades and are being bred up, a 
full-blood bull heading the herd. 

Mr. Johnson is president of the Oak- 
port & Kragnes Telephone Company, 
and has taken a leading part in all the 
affairs of the community. 




'Oakport Center Farm" — Home of Victor Johnson 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTIIATKH 



^HaMmi^mHjHH^^^^^^^m^H|^^^^H 


■■ 


BB feW **B— ^EfTL-L '"-1* 




.,,- :■;:■ "..,.-. • ".-:,,,^ : - : '- ■>-;.:■ -W''':'- "^ '"''"' '■'■ ? '." ""'-■'"■' 









Residence and Buildings on August Hoppe Farm, Alliance Township 



August Hoppe, oue of the promiuent 
farmers of Alliance township, is a na- 
tive of Germany. He emigrated to 
America and resided in Winona Coun- 
ty, Minnesota, going from there to 
South Dakota, where he engaged in 
farming for eight years. In 1894 Mr. 
Hoppe trekked 220 miles across coun- 
try, from near Aberdeen, with his 
family, bringing nine horses and 
twelve head of cattle. He purchased 
the home quarter section for' $10.00 
per acre and began to develop his 
farm. Mr. Hoppe now owns and op- 
erates a half section of fertile land and 
produces fine crops of corn, potatoes 
and grain each year. Part of Mr. 
Hoppe 's buildings are shown in the 
accompanying illustration. 



Louis Miller, who now owns and 
farms the west half of section 1 in 
Holy Cross township, has had many 
years' experience as a farmer in Clay 
County. For many years he was fore- 
man on the Ptoehm farm near George- 
town and gained the reputation of be- 
ing one of the best farm managers in 
this part of the state. Later he con- 
ducted a butcher shop at Georgetown, 
and resided in Moorhead for a few 
years. The call of the farm, however, 
was too strong, and Mr. Miller again 
engaged in farming in the Sabin neigh- 
borhood. A few years later he bought 
his present farm and has improved it 
in many respects. He raises potatoes, 
other diversified crops, and has a well 
selected herd of cattle. Mr. Miller 




Scene on the Louis Miller Farm, Holy Cross Township 



80 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




The A. H. Miller Farmstead, Moorhead Township 



has always taken an active part in the 
affairs of his community, and was one 
of the leaders in the formation of the 
consolidated school district at Rustad. 
He is also vice-president of the Rustad 
Farmers' Elevator Company. 



A. H. Miller is a busy man, and 
would never accomplish all that he 
does if he did not keep moving. Be- 
sides managing the half section home 
farm in Moorhead township, he con- 
ducts the farming operations on a quar- 
ter section southeast of Glyndon. He 
also sells silos, deals extensively in cat- 
tle and is the official crier for most of 
the auction sales held in the western 



part of the county. 

Mr. Miller formerly resided at Free- 
port, 111., and came to Clay County in 
the spring of 1910. During the six 
years Mr. Miller has been a resident of 
Clay County he has made a record. 
He is raising stock on the home farm 
and growing diversified crops. His 
herd includes a registered Shorthorn 
bull, and a full-blood Chester White 
boar is the swine sire. Last year he 
raised corn to fill his 300-ton silo. 
About 25 acres each of potatoes, alfalfa 
and clover are raised each year. Next 
spring he will seed about 30 acres to 
sweet clover, and will be the first Clay 
County farmer to grow it extensively. 




Cattle, Hogs and Poultry on A. H. Miller Farm 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



81 




Otto Morrow Farm — Alfalfa in Foreground 



Mr. Miller made the county record 
as an auctioneer when he conducted 
the big sale on the Barnes farm. In 
eight hours on the block he sold over 
$35,000 worth of personal property. 

The Miller farm is five miles south- 
east of Moorhead and two miles south 
of Dilworth. 



Otto Morrow is a successful farmer 
of the younger generation. He is fully 
abreast of the times in all matters per- 
taining to the farm, including stock 
raising. Mr. Morrow's 800-acre farm 
is in Glyndon and Moland townships, 
and the buildings are located on the 
south bank of the North Buffalo River. 
He has made a specialty of growing 
corn and potatoes. A fine field of al- 
falfa was seeded last year, and the 
stand is one of the best in the countv. 



The farmstead, as shown in the illus- 
tration, is beautifully located and well 
sheltered. Glyndon, the market and 
shipping point, is only two miles dis- 
tant from the Morrow farm. 



Since J. P. McCarthy came to Clay 
County six years ago he has been one 
of the busiest farmers in this section 
of the state. His farm, six miles south 
of Moorhead in Kurtz township, shows 
the work of an experienced and pro- 
gressive farmer. Mr. McCarthy be- 
lieves in plowing early and deep. He 
is not content with doing this, for he 
raises stock and turns under the ma- 
nure. Mr. McCarthy diversifies his 
crops and is a successful corn grower. 
The farm is on the state road, and there 
is a ditch on the north as Avell as a new 
one on the south line. 




J. P. McCarthy's Farm Buildings, Six Miles South of Moorhead 



82 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




General View of the Home Buildings on the "Riverside Farm" 



The "Riverside Farm," owned and 
operated by Martin E. L. Wilk, is one 
of the finest of the big farms of the 
county. Mr. Wilk came to Clay Coun- 
ty from Calumet, Michigan, ten years 
ago, and for seven years confined his 
farming operations to raising small 
grain. He was successful in growing 
grain, but believing the net income 
could be increased has revised his plan 
and is now engaged in diversified 
farming. There are 900 acres of the 
farm under cultivation, and a great 
variety of crops are produced. Corn 



has been raised every year since Mr. 
Wilk began to operate the farm and 
last year seed was secured and two big 
silos were filled. Each year the acre- 
age of alfalfa is increased and three 
crops, at least, will be cut from 30 
acres this year. 

Mr. Wilk is also an extensive stock 
raiser and has registered sires for the 
several breeds. He has a fine herd of 
Holsteins with two registered bulls 
and a number of full-blood cows. 
Twelve cows during the month of Jan- 
uary of this year gave average gross 




Holsteins on Martin E. L. Wilk's "Riverside Farm," Near Georgetown 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



83 




Near Georgetown, Owned by Martin E. L. Wilk 



returns of over five dollars each. All 
of the cattle are tested frequently and 
the herd is kept free from tubercu- 
losis. 

The horse sire is a grey Percheron 
of fine type. Several of the mares are 
full-blood, and there are several well 
set up grades. The Yorkshire ' ' bacon 
hog" of the Canfield strain have been 
raised successfully for several years. 
The grandmother of the head of the 
herd was an imported sow. 

"Wooded pastures are located along 
the banks of the Buffalo river, which 
winds diagonally through the farm. 
The buildings of the farmstead are 
conveniently located and supplied 
with many conveniences, including 



electric light, the current being gen- 
erated on the farm. Shipping facili- 
ties could not be better, as Douglas 
siding is located on the western border 
of the farm. Georgetown is distant 
only half a mile from the farm limit, 
and two and one-half miles from the 
farmstead. The distance to Moorhead 
is fourteen miles by the state road. 

Mr. Wilk is president of the George- 
town Farmers' Elevator Company and 
a director of the Moorhead National 
Bank. 



Alfred Olson is the owner of one of 
the big farms of the county — 2,300 
acres in Kragnes and Oakport town- 
ships. All of the land, except the tim- 



■ ■ ■^:. 




Georgetown — Farmers' Elevator in Backgroi 



84 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Woodlawn Farm — Home of Alfred Olson, Oakport Township 

bered pastures, is under cultivation, tion, and practically all of the land is 
Part of the farm adjoins Kragnes sta- within two miles of that shipping point. 




A Few of the Horses in Alfred Olson's Barnyard, Woodlawn Farm 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



85 




M. W. Gee Farmstead, Oakport Township 



Wheat is the heaviest crop, and other 
small grains are also extensively 
grown. Each year 160 acres of corn 
is planted, and this field is equaled in 
size by the potato patch. Another 
quarter section is kept seeded to tim- 
othy. 

The first two cows Mr. Olson owned 
were full-blood Holsteins, and for sev- 
eral years his herd sires have been 
registered Shorthorns of the milking 
strain.- Now his herd numbers about 
50 head of red cattle, the Holstein 
marking having been bred out. There 
are upwards of 60 head of work horses 
on the farm — some of them are shown 
in one of the illustrations. 

The farmstead on "Woodlawn 
Farm" is located in a grove of natural 
oaks. While the illustrations are win- 
ter scenes, they show the snow lying 
as it fell. 

Mr. Olson came from Sweden in the 
early eighties, and for fourteen years 
was foreman on the Dalrymple farm 
at Casselton. In 1895 he came to Clay 
County and bought the first 965 acres 



of his present farm. He is vice-presi- 
dent of the Northern Potato Growers' 
Sales Company, and has served on the 
township and school boards for many 
years. 



Martin W. Gee is one of the content- 
ed farmers, and he has every reason to 
be. His farm in Oakport township car- 
ries as good soil as there is in the coun- 
ty. The farmstead includes ample 
buildings and is protected by an abun- 
dant growth of natural trees. Mar- 
kets are near at hand, and the Oak 
Mound Consolidated School is within 
easy walking distance. 

Nearly 900 acres are included in the 
Gee farm, and every variety of crops 
is produced. The farm is well stocked 
with cattle, and no farmer owns bet- 
ter horses. Mr. Gee was one of the 
first farmers in this part of the county 
to diversify his crops. He has raised 
corn for several years and is one of 
the leading potato growers of the lo- 
cality. Mr. Gee is always careful to 
select the best seed obtainable. 




White Holland Turkeys, M. W. Gee Farm, Oakport Township 



86 



(LAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Residence of Carl Brandt. Sabin 



Mr. Gee is closely identified with* the 
live things of the county — he is treas- 
urer of the Northern Potato Growers' 
Sales Company and one of the direc- 
tors of the Kragnes Farmers ' Elevator 
Company. 



Carl Brandt is one of the more re- 
cently located Sabin farmers, yet he is 
the pace-maker for some of the older 
settlers. He came from Ohio in 1909 
and owns 250 acres — 15 adjoining the 



village. His main farm is one mile 
north, and the other tract is south of 
the village. Two years ago Mr. Brandt 
seeded a patch of Alfalfa in May and 
made three cuttings the same year, the 
acre yield being over three tons. His 
patch has since grown to 30 acres. Mr. 
Brandt grows potatoes extensively and 
believes in fertilizing the land. Last 
winter he hauled manure from a dairy 
farm at Moorhead, and spread it on ten 
acres to be planted to potatoes. He 




Acre Yield on Carl Brandt's Manured Patch— 179 Bushels More Than Field 



(LAY COU \TY I LLC st R \ T i: |) 



87 




Silver Lake — Boat Landing and Residence of T. T. Woodward 



estimates the cost to be $10.00 an acre 
and is more than pleased with the re- 
sult. The acre yield on this part of 
the field was 343 bushels and on the 
balance, 164 — a gain of 179 bushels. 
All parts of the field were cultivated 
alike. The difference in the yield is 
plainly shown in one of the illustra- 
tions. 

Mr. Brandt is raising Holstein grade 
cattle and has increased his herd dur- 
ing the past year. This necessitated 
enlarging his barn and extending, in 
other ways, the building equipment of 
the farm. 



T. T. Woodward's farm is ideally lo- 
cated on the shores of Silver Lake, 
southwest of Hawley village. His land 
lies along the west shore and to the 
north and west of this beautiful lake. 
Mr. Woodward's picnic grounds have 
become quite an outing place — very 
popular with the people of the country 
as well as those of the towns. 

Mr. Woodward came to Minnesota 
from Kockland county, New York, in 
1873, and located in Hawley township. 
He is engaged in general farming and 
makes a specialty of growing Improved 
Northwestern Dent corn — in 1914 he 
had especially good results. Another 



specialty is the raising of Percherons. 
Mr. Woodward has several brood 
mares, and, after breaking in the colts, 
places them on the market when three 
3'ears old. 

The farm elevator, shown in one of 
the illustrations, is a great labor sav- 
ing institution. It is built in the hill- 
side ; and grain is dumped into the bins 
from the upper level. That is the last 
time it is touched — everything being 
done by machinery operated by a gas- 




Elevator on T. T. Woodward Farm 



88 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Four Settings of Grain Stacks — A Common Sight in Eastern Clay 



oline engine. The system elevates, 
cleans and grinds the grain — then 
spouts it to a wagon on the lower level 
or to any other place in the elevator. 



Stephen N. Lee was born at Rollag, 
Norway, and came to the United States 
with his parents when only six years 
old. They first settled in Iowa county, 
"Wisconsin, and later removed to Good- 
hue county, Minnesota, where Mr. Lee 
was educated. From 1879 to 1884 he 
was engaged in the mercantile business 
at Kindred, N. D. He retired from 
business and returned to his farm in 
Parke township. 

In 1890 Mr. Lee was elected a mem- 
ber of the Lower House of the Minne- 



sota Legislature, serving during the 
session of 1911 and the special session 
of 1912. 

Mr. Lee 's farm of 240 acres is twelve 
miles northeast of Barnesville. His 
specialty is dairying, and the butter 
made on the Lee farm always com- 
mands a premium in the market. The 
cattle are the milk strain of Short- 
horns, graded up to three-quarters or 
better. Corn has been grown for the 
past ten years and some ripe corn was 
harvested in 1915. Barley is one of the 
crops that has proven especially suc- 
cessful when sown on ground where 
corn or potatoes have been grown. Clo- 
ver, both red and alsike, that furnish 
the hay ration for the cattle, and small 
grains are the other leading crops. 




Residence of Hon. S. N. Lee, Parke Township 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



80 




Residence of J. T. Gee, Kragnes Township 



J. T. Gee is one of the leading farm- 
ers of the county and one of the men 
who has aided materially in building 
up the community. His 480 acre farm 
is located along the Red River in Krag- 
nes township. General farming and 
stock raising are the methods on Mr. 
Gee's farm, and he has been very suc- 



cessful. Diversified crops are grown, 
and the rotation plans are carefully 
followed. There is system on this 
farm, and everything is in its place — 
no loose screws anywhere. The farm- 
stead is exceptionally well arranged 
and kept as neat as a pin. Shipping 
points and markets arc of easy access. 




Barnyard Scene on J. T. Gee Farm, Kragnes Township 



90 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Plowing With Three Gangs on the John Olness Farm, Kragnes 



Mr. Gee arrived from England in 
1883 and the next year bought the 
first 80 acres of his present farm. 
While cultivating this land he worked 
part of the time for other farmers. 
From time to time he bought more 
land. His fine farm is a monument to 
his industry and thrift. The illustra- 
tions show the farm residence, sur- 
rounded by trees, and part of the other 
buildings. 



John Olness has farmed extensively 
and successfully in Clay for over twen- 
ty years. He came from Norway in 
1888 and located at Kragnes, where he 
was employed in a general store. Two 
years later he became a partner and 
later the sole proprietor of the busi- 
ness. He was also engaged in the farm 
machinery business and managed one 
of the local grain elevators. 

After engaging in farming Mr. Ol- 



ness disposed of his other interests 
and retired from the mercantile busi- 
ness. He now has one of the best of 
the big farms in the county and was 
one of the leaders in growing diversi- 
fied crops. Mr. Olness grows corn and 
potatoes and fills out his thousand-acre 
farm with small grains, alfalfa and 
other forage crops. He is building up 
a fine herd of cattle and has two full- 
blood Holstein bulls. 

An accident to the negatives pre- 
vents a proper showing of the Olness 
farmstead. It is one of the best ar- 
ranged and most complete in the 
Northwest. All of the buildings are 
lighted by electricity, the current be- 
ing supplied by the plant on the farm. 
The farm home has every convenience 
of a city residence. All of the land is 
in Kragnes township, and the farm- 
stead is only a short distance north of 
Kragnes station. 




Part of the Buildings on the John Olness Farm, Kragnes 



C I, A V COUNTY ILLUSTR A T K I ) 



9] 




Home of Henning 0. Krabbenhoft, Near Sabin 



H. 0. Krabbenhoft is one of the pros- 
perous farmers of the county, and has 
been identified with many of the things 
that have proven beneficial to the com- 
munity. He came from Schleswig- 



Holstein in 1874 and purchased land 
in Elmwood township, where his 960- 
acre farm is located. In his farming 
operations Mr. Krabbenhoft is always 
in the front rank. He first began to 




Threshing Scene at H. 0. Krabbenhoft Farm, Near Sabin 



92 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




The Gilbert Richards Home, Moland Township 



experiment with alfalfa in 1902 and 
has a 24-acre field at the present time. 
For many years he has raised corn 
and favors the Northwestern and 
White Dents. Seed from the 1915 
crop of Northwestern has tested 100 
per cent. Mr. Krabbenhoft is a heavy 
grower of potatoes, and has only a 
three-mile haul to Sabin. Clover and 
the small grains are also leading prod- 
ucts of this farm. Mr. Krabbenhoft 
raises beef cattle and keeps a herd 
numbering about 40. About 30 Per- 
cheron horses are kept busy the great- 
er part of the year. 

One of the illustrations shows Mr. 
Krabbenhoft 's home; another is a 
threshing scene on the farm. The 
barns and other outbuildings are am- 
ple and conveniently arranged. Mr. 
Krabbenhoft is vice-president of the 
Comstock and Holy Cross Farmers' 
Insurance Company and is one of the 
directors of the Northwestern Hospi- 
tal Association. 



Gilbert Richards has been operating 
his farm in Moland township for the 
past two years and is getting the land 
in good shape. He has a well arranged 
set of new buildings located close to 
the bank of the Buffalo River. Corn 
and potatoes are leading crops, and 
small grains are also grown. Mr. 
Richards has two patches of alfalfa — 
the one started last year was seeded 
with barley as a nurse crop. The cat- 
tle are Shorthorns, and the swine are 
Yorkshires of the Canfield strain. 
"Mrs. Bryan," the old brood sow, and 
her litter of sixteen are shown in one 
of the illustrations. 

Since the beginning of farming in 
Clay County there has never been a 
crop lost through drought. The dry 
seasons usually give an average crop 
of good quality. The straw, perhaps, 
short, but the heads long and well 
filled. With over 200 miles of state 
and county ditches, surplus moisture 
is not detrimental. 




"Mrs. Bryan," Mother of a Sixteen-to-One Family 



CLAY COT XTY I I. LIST I! A T E I) 



93 




A. C. Huxley Farmstead, Alliance Township 



The A. C. Huxley farm, the north 
half of section 15 in Alliance township. 
has netted the owner an average of 
10 per cent annually on a valuation of 
$100 per acre for the past seven years. 
The farm is located three and one-half 
miles southwest of Baker and has a 
most complete set of new buildings. 
Everything is modern — the silo is con- 
structed of vitrified brick and the 
10,000-bushel potato cellar is concrete. 
There is a fine dairy barn, a milk house 
and a pump house. Then the farm- 
stead is a model of neatness. 

Corn is grown every year and seed 
was saved last season. There are 15 



acres of alfalfa, and more will be sown 
this year. Clover is another favorite 
crop. The demonstration potato plot, 
shown in one of the illustrations, made 
the county record in 1915 with a yield 
of 363 bushels to the acre. B. F. Moore 
is the resident manager of the farm. 

Mr. Huxley resides in Barnesville, 
and his town house is a beautiful brick 
bungalow. Between times Mr. Huxley 
cries auction sales and has few open 
dates during the season. 



John Oberg came to Houston County 
from Norway in 1879. He removed to 
Wisconsin, and in 1882 arrived in Clay 




Gilbert Gunderson Farm Home Near Hitterdal 



1)4 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




John Oberg Farm East of Kragnes 



County. The first year he dealt in 
horses and did sub-contract work on 
railroad grading. In 1884 Mr. Oberg 
engaged in the general merchandise 
business at Kragnes. Seven years later 
he sold his store and bought 685 acres 
of land in Kragnes township. He now 
owns and farms 1,007 acres. 

Since 1891 Mr. Oberg has been en- 
gaged continuously in farming. He 
has specialized in wheat, but also 
raises other small grains, corn and 
about 50 acres of potatoes each year. 
His cattle are principally Shorthorns. 
A trial patch of alfalfa has proven 
satisfactory, and a larger acreage will 
be seeded this year. 

Mr. Oberg was one of the organizers 
of the First State Bank of Moorhead 
and has been its only vice-president. 



He was also one of the organizers of 
the Kragnes Farmers' Elevator Com- 
pany and of the Oakport & Kragnes 
Telephone Company. Mr. Oberg has 
other interests in the county, and is 
always ready to do his share to help 
build up the community. 



The H. T. Alsop farm, 225 acres, is 
located in Moland township, two and 
a half miles north of Glyndon. This 
is being made a dairy and stock farm 
and upwards of 50 head of the milking 
strain of shorthorns are now kept. 
Yorkshire hogs are also raised quite 
extensively. There are twelve acres 
of alfalfa on the farm, and corn and 
potatoes are among the leading crops. 
Fred Seaton, one of the owners of the 
farm, is the resident manager. 




Buildings on H. T. Alsop Farm, North of Glyndon — Fred Seaton, Manager 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



95 




Guernsey Herd Owned by R. B. Webb, Glyndon 



R. B. "Webb is a native of New York 
state and came to Clay County from 
Wisconsin 38 years ago. In 1876 he 
bought a farm south of Glyndon for 
$8.00 per acre. Three years later, in 
order to have the advantages of bet- 
ter schools, he sold the farm for $15.00 
per acre and moved to Glyndon. For 
the next thirteen years Mr. Webb 
bought grain for one of the elevators 
at Glyndon, and sold farm machinery. 



Later he retired from business and en- 
gaged in potato growing, dairying and 
general farming. He is now making 
dairying the leading feature and has 
a fine herd of Guernseys. The cows, 
several of them full blood, and the 
registered bull are shown in the illus- 
trations. Another picture shows the 
dairy barn and silo. Dairying has 
necessitated the raising of corn and 
clover, which has been supplemented 




R. B. Webb's Dairy Barn and Silo, Glyndon 



96 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Glyndon Consolidated School House 



by a fifteen-acre patch of alfalfa. 

Mr. Webb has been one of the coun- 
ty commissioners of Clay County for 
over twelve years. Six years ago he 
was elected chairman of the board and 
has since held that important office 
continuously. 



Glyndon 

Glyndon is the oldest town in the 
county, and School District No. 1, the 
first district organized, has become a 
consolidated district with a smaller 
territory than the original district, yet 



the enrollment today is 217. The vil- 
lage is located at the crossing of the 
main line of the Northern Pacific and 
the Winnipeg line of the Great North- 
ern. 

The village has grown to be an im- 
portant shipping point, especially for 
potatoes and grain. Potato warehouses 
and elevators are so located on side 
tracks that shipment may be made by 
either line of railway. Glyndon has 
kept pace with the development of the 
surrounding country and is a fine mar- 
ket town. A co-operative creamery is 
located here, and there are general 




Leslie Welter's Potato Warehouse and Cellar, Glyndon 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



97 



stores, machinery warehouses, a mod- 
ern hotel and all the other business 
houses of an up-to-date village. The 
First State Bank of Glyndon is fast 
working up to the first rank with the 
older financial institutions of the coun- 
ty. The oldest newspaper in the coun- 
ty, the Red River Valley News, is pub- 
lished here. 

Two state roads pass through the 
village, and, with other highways, 
makes Glyndon easy of access for the 
farmers of the surrounding country. 
Among recent improvements are the 
electric light plant, and the telephone 
system of the Glyndon Telephone Com- 
pany that has its headquarters and 
maintains an exchange in the village. 



fund. The company maintains a cen- 
tral office at Glyndon, where it con- 
nects with the trunk lines. 

The officers of the company are : 
Howard Basett, president; C. E. Gin- 
gery, secretary, and N. H. Stadum, 
treasurer. 




Registered Guernsey, Sire of R. B. Webb Herd 



Glyndon Telephone Company 
The central part of the county has 
excellent telephone service furnished 
by the Glyndon Telephone Company. 
This company has been in business 
since June, 1908 ; has 90 miles of lines, 
and serves over 200 patrons. Only 
$5,250 of the capital stock has been 
paid in, and this has been ample, for 
the company had paid annual 10 per 
cent dividends, besides accumulating 
another 10 per cent in the surplus 



Felton 



Felton is located on the Winnipeg 
line of the Great Northern in the 
northern central part of the county. 
It is the home of the newest of the con- 
solidated schools of the county, and 
one of the finest and best equipped 
school buildings. 

Felton is the leading hay shipping 
point of the county. Grain elevators 
and potato warehouses handle the crop 
of a wide territory. There is a bank, 




Felton Consolidated School House — Nearly Completed 



98 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Ulen Public School and Workers in the Busy Hive 



the First State of Felton, that carries 
its share of business. The village has 
numerous business houses that supply 
the needs of the people of the sur- 
rounding country. The north and 
south state road of the central part 
of the county passes through the vil- 
lage. 

Ulen 

The village of Ulen, located on the 
Winnipeg branch of the Northern Pa- 



cific, in the northeastern part of the 
county, has made wonderful progress 
and is now one of the best market 
towns in this part of the country. It 
is surrounded by a rich agricultural 
land and the prosperous farmers of the 
tributary country are all engaged in 
diversified farming. 

Ulen has many advantages, and is 
quite grown up, although only 20 years 
old. The fine new school building was 




Farmers' Co-Operative Creamery, Ulen 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



99 




Orient Hotel, Ulen — J. F. McDonald, Proprietor 



erected last year, and over 200 pupils 
are now enrolled. 

Ulen owns and operates a municipal 
water and light plant, and pure arte- 
sian water is forced through mains, 
extending throughout the village, by 
pressure from a high tank. Among 
the industries of the village are a co- 
operative creamery and a grist mill. 
There are four elevators and one po- 
tato warehouse. Shipments aggregate 
about 500 carloads annually — 150 car- 
loads each of potatoes and hay, 140 



carloads of grain and about 60 car- 
loads of cattle and hogs. 

The combined deposits of the two 
banks were $313,000 on the first of the 
present year. A first class hotel — the 
Occident — is conducted by J. F. Mc- 
Donald. All branches of trade are well 
represented. There are two garages, 
two livery barns and a newspaper, the 
Ulen Union. 



H. P. Henrickson of Ulen selected 
seed potatoes true to type for about 




First National Bank. Ulen 



100 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Bringing in the Potatoes — Any Day During the Fall — Hawley 



three acres and planted them in the 
same field with the others, the only 
difference in treatment being seed se- 
lection. The three acres yielded 183 
bushels per acre, while the field pro- 
duced only 72 bushels per acre. 



Hawley 
Hawley is the oldest village in the 
eastern part of the county and is one 
of the best primary markets in the 
state. It is located on the main line 
of the Northern Pacific and has direct 




Picnic Grounds on Silver Lake, Southwest of Hawley 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



101 




Plenty of Visitors in Town — Street Scene, Hawley 



rail communication with the terminal 
markets of the Twin Cities and Du- 
luth. 

The original name of the village was 
Bethel, and the original settlers were 
an English colony in 1871. Hawley is 
now a thriving village of about 900 
and is one of the busiest places on the 
map. There are four elevators, two 
potato warehouses, a creamery and 
other industries. Three hotels, gen- 
eral stores, hardware, furniture and 



drug stores, butcher shop, two lumber 
yards, three machinery warehouses, 
two garages, a photograph gallery and 
various other business houses are here. 
Hawley is the home of the Clay County 
Herald. 

The two banks of the village had on 
deposit on January 1, 1916, $445,840, 
which was $32,000 more than all of 
the banks of Clay County had on de- 
posit twenty years ago — on January 1, 
1896. The State Bank is the older in- 




High School on One of the High Hills of Hawley 



102 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Electric Light and Water Works Plant, Hawley 



stitution, and the First National, un- 
der the present management, is making 
a splendid record. 

Hawley is the natural trading point 
for the majority of the farmers of the 
eastern part of the county. Good 
prices are always paid for every kind 
of farm produce, and the merchants 
are ever ready to meet competition. 
It is an important shipping point for 
stock, potatoes and hay as well as 
grain. 

Hawley has a municipally owned 
and operated water and light plant. 



Pure water from deep wells and elec- 
tric current for light and power are 
supplied at reasonable rates. The 
high school, with agricultural and 
manual training departments, has an 
enrollment of nearly 400. The build- 
ing is modern, fully equipped and cost 
about $30,000. 

The farmers of the eastern part of 
the county were the first to diversify 
their crops and engage extensively in 
cattle raising. No better land can be 
found than the two eastern tiers of 
townships. There are several lakes 




Getting Ready to Build — Hawley Lumber Company's Yard 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



103 




to customers a proportionate share of 
the earnings. 

The officers of the company are : 
E. 0. Peterson, president; C. J. Ceder- 
berg, vice-president ; Oscar Gunderson, 
secretary ; G. 0. Sjordal, treasurer, and 
Albert Amundson, Carl Tall and 
Amund Clementson, directors. John 
Fridlund has been manager for the 
past five years. 



Potato Cellar Interior 

near Hawley — Silver and Lee, each but 
a few miles distant — that are favorite 
outing spots for the people of the vil- 
lage. 



Hawley Farmers' Elevator Company 
The Hawley Farmers ' Elevator Com- 
pany had on hand on January 1, 1916, 
a surplus of $7,465.38, and the total 
assets were approximately $20,000. A 
10 per cent dividend has been paid on 
the capital stock, $4,475.00, every year 
except one since the company began 
business. The property of the com- 
pany has been improved and is now 
estimated to be worth $7,000. The 
average number of bushels handled 
each year is over 130,000. Coal is also 
handled, and a fair profit has been 
made on this branch of the business. 
The company's future plan is to rebate 



Hawley Stock Shippers 
The Hawley Live Stock Shipping 
Association has been in existence less 
than a year, yet it has made sixteen 
shipments aggregating 18 carloads of 
stock, mostly cattle. After deducting 
the expenses, the association paid to 
the owners $19,114.86. There is now 
in the treasury — membership fees and 
sinking fund— $148.23. 

The officers of the association are: 
Lloyd Plummer, president ; Knute Tor- 
gerson, secretary; John Cummings, 
treasurer, and A. L. Ruud, E. Alberts 
and Arthur Lewis, directors. 



Hawley Co-Operative Creamery 
The Hawley Co-Operative Creamery 
Association is one of the successful or- 
ganizations operated by the farmers of 
eastern Clay County. It began busi- 
ness July 1, 1906. and has operated the 
creamery at Hawley continuously since 




rfHOLESAtE POTAToeS 



J B^P 



■I j 



Leslie Welter's Potato House — Ventilators from Cellar Through Roof 



104 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



that date. The report of the associa- 
tion for the year ending December 31, 
1915, shows that 175 patrons delivered 
386,252 pounds of cream containing 
102,720 pounds of butterfat, for which 
the average price paid was 28.39 cents. 
For the 127,392 pounds of butter made 
$32,026.39 was received, the average 
price being 25.13 cents. The amount 
paid to patrons was $29,162.25. 

The officers are : C. C. Nelson, pres- 
ident; H. M. Tang, vice-president; 
Nels Mikkelson, secretary and treas- 
urer, and Hans Erickson, H. F. Gill, 
J. 0. Hillestad, Andrew Ulven and 
Christ Olson, directors. E. L. John- 
son is the buttermaker. 




La Val's Colonel of Lewison, Guernsey Sire, 
John W. Friday Farm 

Georgetown 

Georgetown, originally a trading 
post of the Hudson Bay Company, was 
located on the Red River. When the 
Moorhead Northern was built through 
in 1884, the town, which was later in- 
corporated as a village, was moved to 
the present site. There is an excel- 
lent school and the village has its full 
share of business houses. The State 
Bank of Georgetown, while one of 
the younger banks of the county, has 
deposits averaging nearly $100,000. 

Georgetown is one of the leading 
grain markets of the county and over 
170,000 bushels of wheat from the 1912 
crop were handled by the elevators of 
the village. This was the county rec- 
ord for the year, and the number of 
bushels of rye handled was also the 
largest of any market in the county. 



any description has ever been used. 
Each year, after threshing, the straw- 
stacks have been burned. Still many 
of these farms in 1915 produced from 
28 to 33 bushels of No. 1 wheat to the 
acre, and other grain in proportion. 
Hence the comparison of the land in 
the valley of the Red River of the 
North with the wonderfully fertile 
land of the valley of the Nile. 



Nearly every farmer in Clay County 
has his mail delivered by one of the 
twenty-two routes within the county, 
or one of the three other routes that 
cover small parts of the county. Sev- 
eral years ago, through the efforts of 
Congressman Steenerson of this dis- 
trict, a complete county system of 
rural routes was ordered, and has 
since been established, only a few lo- 
calities not receiving the service. 



Georgetown Farmers' Elevator 
Company 

The Georgetown Farmers' Elevator 
Company began business in the fall of 
1911 and earned 100 per cent on the 
capital stock, $10,000.00, the first year. 
Besides making improvements and 
keeping the property in repair, the 
company has paid annual 10 per cent 
dividends since the first year. The 
value of the elevator property is 
$6,000.00 and there is a good balance 
in the surplus account. 

Officers of the company are : Mar- 
tin E. L. "Wilk, president; H. P. Skor- 
stad, vice-president; Theo. S. Nelson, 
secretarj' and treasurer, and A. S. 
Gaudland, C. C. Soberg, Martin Lerud, 
John Finney, E. O. Lee and H. Var- 
land. directors. A. B. Mandt is the 



There are farms in Clay County that 
have been under cultivation for over 
30 years upon which no fertilizer of 



manager. 




















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Treating Seed Wheat for Smut 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



105 








Main Street, Barnesville, During the County Fair 



Barnesville 
Barnesville, the second city of the 
county, is located in the southern cen- 
tral part on the main line of the Great 
Northern, of which it is a division 
point. A second line of the same rail- 
way system extends north through the 
Red River Valley. The rapid devel- 
opment of the agricultural resources 
of Southern Clay and Northern Wil- 
kin counties has been a great boon to 



Barnesville. Many industries have 
been built up during recent years, 
largely due to the fact that the city 
is the market for a wide territory that 
includes hundreds of prosperous farm- 
ers. 

Barnesville enjoys the distinction of 
being the first city in the state to own 
and operate a municipal telephone sys- 
tem. It also maintains a municipal 
opera house. The city has its own 




New High School, Barnesville 



106 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



electric light plant and water works, 
the water supply being pumped from 
deep wells. Extensions of the general 
sewer system are now under construc- 
tion. 

The new high school building is the 
finest in the county and was completed 
in 1915 at a cost of $65,000. It is the 
only high school in the county main- 
taining a normal training department 
for teachers. A five-acre tract is 
farmed by the pupils under the direc- 
tion of an instructor, who devotes his 
entire time to this work. Complete 
manual training and domestic science 
departments are also maintained. 

The city has many industries and a 
quota of mercantile houses, grain ele- 
vators and potato warehouses. It is 
also an important stock shipping point. 
It is the leading machinery distribu- 
ting point for a long distance, and sev- 
eral automobile dealers supply the de- 
mand for horseless carriages. That 
the deposits of the two banks — the 
First National and the Citizens State 
— aggregate half a million dollars is 



an indication that this is a prosperous 
community. 

For the past two years the Clay 
County fair has been held at Barnes- 
ville. It has proven an attraction for 
the entire county, and each year there 
have been fine exhibits of stock, agri- 
cultural and other products. Other 
features of the fair have been exhibits 
of needlework, baking and other home 
products. Also of the work of the 
pupils in the agricultural, manual 
training and domestic science depart- 
ments of the schools of the county. 

Two newspapers are published at 
Barnesville — the Record-Review and 
the Headlight. 



Cash Paid for Cream 

Cash payment for cream is one of 
the features of the business of the 
Barnesville Co-Operative Creamery 
Association. The plan in force is to 
pay the first of the week for cream 
delivered during the previous week. 
This system has proven satisfactory 
to the management as well as to the 




First National Bank Block, Barnesville 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



107 




This Creamery Pays Cash — The Farmer Gets His Check Every Week 



patrons. The association has money 
in the treasury to pay the small bal- 
ance of the purchase price of the 
creamery as soon as it falls due. An- 
nual dividends of eight per cent have 
been paid since the association began 
business in January, 1910. 

Last year a total of 326,918 pounds 
of cream was received and 118,287 
pounds of butter were produced. Ex- 
cept that sold for local consumption, 



all of the butter produced was sold 
in the New York market, where it 
brought the top price. The net re- 
ceipts of the association for the year 
were $31,394.80, and all above a small 
percentage for expenses was paid to 
the farmers for cream. 

A. 0. Rindahl is the buttermaker 
and 0. P. Landsom has been the sec- 
retary of the association for the past 
two years. 




Oliver Block and City Hall, Barnesville 



108 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Plant of Barnesville Farmers' Elevator Company 



Barnesville Farmers' Elevator 
Company 

The Barnesville Farmers' Elevator 
Company is one of the most successful 
of the co-operative organizations of 
the producers of Clay County. Busi- 
ness was begun in 1908, with $5,175.00 
capital, contributed by 148 farmers of 
the country tributary to Barnesville. 
Each year the company has paid an 
eight per cent dividend on the capital 
stock, and in 1915 an additional div- 
idend of 50% was paid. This was 
made possible, in part, by the rebates 
received from the railroads on freight 
paid while the commodity rates were 
in litigation. After paying all of these 
dividends the company had a surplus 
of $8,681.00, estimating the elevator 
property to be worth $7,221.32. The 
elevator and office buildings are shown 
in the accompanying illustration. It 
is a fine plant with modern equip- 
ment, including gasoline power, double 
driveway, with automatic scales and 
an outside scale. From 200,000 to 
325,000 bushels of the several varie- 
ties of grain have been handled each 
year. Three years ago the company 
began to handle binding twine, and 
last fall the sale of fuel was begun. 

S. P. Anderson is the president, and 
A. A. Haagenson has been the mana- 



ger since the company was organized. 
The profits of the business to the first 
of the present year approximate $25,- 
000.00, a pretty fair indication of com- 
petent management. 



Stock Shippers' Association 

Among the recent organizations of 
the farmers of Clay County is the 
Humboldt Live Stock Shipping As- 
sociation with headquarters at Barnes- 
ville. Although less than a year old 
the association has already made 24 
shipments aggregating 39 carloads of 
stock. The first shipment was made 
on April 1st, 1915, and the above 
totals are up to February 1st, 1916. 
W. S. Lee, treasurer of the association, 
says the average value of the carloads 
has been over $1,000.00 and the 
amount paid owners aggregates more 
than $39,000.00. 

A complete statement is furnished 
to each shipper showing in detail ev- 
ery transaction in which he is interest- 
ed. A small fee is charged to defray 
expenses and, two cents per hundred 
weight on cattle and three cents on 
sheep and hogs go into a sinking fund 
to be used in paying losses by injury 
to stock while under the control of 
the association. 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



109 




Thomas Gunness' Block, Barnesville, During Fair Week 



Thomas Gunness, after being active- 
ly engaged in the merchandise busi- 
ness in Barnesville for 27 years, re- 
tired in 1914. He has since been en- 
gaged in looking after his farming in- 
terests and dealing in potatoes. He 
has other interests in Barnesville, but 
the potato business is the live wire for 
about six months of each year. His 
model potato cellar is located on the 
Great Northern track. It is 60x60 
feet, is 12 feet deep, has solid cement 
walls and reinforced concrete roof. 
Potatoes are sorted in through man- 



holes, and again sorted before ship- 
ment. The capacity of the cellar is 
35,000 bushels. Mr. Gunness expects 
to handle about 400 carloads from the 
1915 crop. 



The people of Clay County have 
many things to which they may point 
with pride. If any one questions the 
fact that Clay is a most prosperous 
community, the fact that the county 
does not owe a single dollar of bonded 
debt is a pretty convincing answer. 




A. C. Huxley's Bungalow, Barnesville 



110 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 













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Hc^^^^^B /$ 


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Thompson-Phillipi Building — P. E. Thompson Began Business Here 



Peter E. Thompson came to Barnes- 
ville in the early seventies and en- 
gaged in the general merchandise 
business. He was a trader and bought 
and sold a great variety of articles, in 
fact, his store was the market for any- 
thing and everything. The successors 
in the business was the firm of Thomp- 
son, Felde & Co., and they were suc- 



ceeded by the Thompson-Phillipi Com- 
pany, the present owners. The mem- 
bers of the firm are both Barnesville 
boys — Julian Thompson, a son of the 
founder of the business, and M. P. 
Phillipi, the son of another old resi- 
dent and merchant of the city. The 
new home of the firm is on the site orig- 
inally occupied by the Thompson store. 




Monster Northern Pacific Roundhouse and Shops, Dilworth 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



111 



Dilworth 

When the Northern Pacific Railroad 
moved the division point from Fargo 
to Dilworth, the families of several 
hundred of the company's employes 
became residents of the new village. 
Dilworth now has a population of 
nearly 1,000 and has become one of 
the leading municipalities of Clay 
County. It is the eastern terminus of 
the Fargo, Moorhead and Dilworth 
trolley system. 

Here are located the extensive 
freight yards, monster roundhouse and 
car repair shops of the Northern Pa- 
cific. The village is an important ship- 
ping point, especially for live stock. 
It has a bank, a hotel and a comple- 
ment of business establishments. 







i * I 


*■ ■■Ilium"* 


to *^J "^ 


i 





Sabin — Looking South 

Sabin is the most important potato 
shipping point in the county, the num- 
ber of carloads having increased from 
8 in 1894 to an average of 600 during 
recent years. The village has several 
potato warehouses located on the Great 
Northern right of way. There are 
grain elevators, a bank, hotels and all 
the business establishments of a thri- 
ving town, including one of the best 
equipped machine and blacksmith 
shops in the county. 



Hitterdal is one of the larger of the 
unincorporated villages of the county. 
It is located on the Winnipeg branch 
of the Northern Pacific and is fast be- 
coming one of the leading market 
towns of eastern Clay. A bank, grain 
elevators and several business houses 
are evidence of the prosperity of the 
village. 



Comstock is located in the south- 
western part of the county on the 
Breckenridge line of the Great North- 
ern. It is the market for grain and 
potatoes for one of the most prosper- 
ous sections of the county. The Com- 
stock consolidated school district was 
the first one organized in this part of 
the state. Several business houses, 
grain elevators, potato warehouses and 
a bank are located here. 



Other settlements in the county are : 
Rustad and Kragnes in the western 
part; Averill and Downer in the cen- 
tral, and Rollag in the southeast, the 
only inland town of the count}'. 



Clay County farmers are great be- 
lievers in plenty of light. Many of 
them have already installed gas or 
electric lighting plants in their homes, 
and others are planning to follow their 
lead. Some clay the water power of 
the North Buffalo will be utilized in 
generating electricity, and the current 
will be carried to the remote corners 
of the county. When the farmers get 
the notion they will take up this prop- 
osition and make a success of it. They 
have demonstrated their ability with 
their creamery, elevator and other co- 
operative enterprises. 



Baker is another of the leading po- 
tato markets of the county, over a 
quarter of a million bushels of the 
tubers being shipped each year. It is 
located in the southern part of the 
county on the main line of the Great 
Northern and on the Moorhead-Barnes- 
ville state road. The village has a 
bank, potato warehouses and several 
general merchandise and machinery 
establishments. 




L. Altenbernd's Potato Warehouse 



112 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Front Street, Moorhead, Looking West from Eighth Street 



Moorhead 

Moorhead has been known for many 
years to be the educational center of 
the northwestern part of the state. The 
city also enjoys the reputation of be- 
ing one of the leading cities of the Red 
River Valley. When Clay County was 
organized Moorhead became and is 
still the county seat. The city has a 



population of about 5,500 and has all 
the improvements that a city of many 
times the population might be expect- 
ed to have. 

It is on the main line of the North- 
ern Pacific and on both the Fergus 
Falls and Breckenridge lines of the 
Great Northern, besides being the ter- 
minus of several of the branch lines 




Boat Landing on the Red River at Moorhead 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



113 




New Columbia Hotel, Moorhead — Nils Holbeck, Proprietor 



of these two great transcontinental 
railway systems. The city is out of 
debt, for there is a substantial cash 
balance in the treasury besides the 
amount in the sinking fund to retire 
the only bonded indebtedness that will 
be taken up when it falls due this year. 
Moorhead has one of the most com- 
plete sewer systems in the country, 



and the great trunk lines are adequate 
for a population four times as great as 
that of the city at the present time. 
Over two miles of paving are now in 
use, mainly of creosote blocks on a 
concrete base, and another mile of 
pavement will be constructed during 
the coming summer. The city has one 
of the finest hotels — the Comstock, ab- 




Leslie Welter's Potato Cellar and Warehouse, Moorhead 



114 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




New $80,000 Post Office Building, Moorhead 

solutely fireproof — in the northwest, of $80,000. A fine public library is 

It has one of the most attractive fed- also located in the civic center of the 

eral buildings in the country, erected city, 

during the past three years at a cost Electric trolley lines connect the city 




Moorhead Public Library 



CLAY COUNTY I L L l' s T |; A T K 1) 



115 




Residence of Dr. W. J. Awty, Moorhead 



with Fargo on the west and Dilworth 
on the east, the lines within the city 
extending to the Normal School and 
the court house. The transfer system 
enables a passenger to ride from any 
point in Moorhead to any part of Far- 
go for a single five-cent fare. 

Moorhead is a clean, well-governed 
city, and none of her size in Minnesota 
or North Dakota has the advantages 



that she enjoys. In addition to the 
city schools, Moorhead has St. Joseph's 
Academy, a parochial school; a com- 
mercial college ; Concordia College, 
with numerous courses of study, and 
the best Normal School in the state. 
The city has unrivaled shipping facili- 
ties, and the lowest freight rates in 
the valley to the terminals at the head 
of the lakes and the Twin Cities. 




Residence of P. H. Lamb, Moorhead 



116 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Residence of Ole Martinson, Moorhead 



The city has three prosperous banks 
with a third of a million dollars cap- 
ital and a million and a quarter of de- 







Artesian Water Tank, Moorhead 



posits. It has numerous commercial 
and civic organizations, each doing its 
share to aid in promoting the interest 
and welfare of the city. Fraternal 
societies are well represented. Two 
newspapers, the News and the Citizen, 
are published here. 

The city water and light plant was 
constructed in 1895. Improved ma- 
chinery has been added from time to 
time, and the new generator and steam 
turbine, installed during 1915, have 
materially reduced the cost of gener- 
ating the electric current. Rates for 
lighting range from four to eight cents, 
and for power from three to six cents 
per kilowat hour. 

The city now uses artesian water 
exclusively. The supply comes from 
three 10-inch wells from 185 to 210 
feet deep, and is the best water in the 
Red River Valley. During 1915 a stor- 
age tank of 300,000 gallons capacity 
was built. This tank is 126 feet in 
height and provides a gravity pressure 
of 50 pounds, which may be increased, 
in case of fire, to 100 pounds by the 
use of a booster pump with capacity 
of 1,000 gallons a minute. 

Since August, 1900, the surplus earn- 
ings of the plant, over operating ex- 
penses, have been $214,000. Operating 
expenses include repairs, insurance, in- 
terest and depreciation. 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



117 




Residence of C. G. Dosland, Moorhead 



Moorhead's Canning Factory 
The Remington Packing Company, 
the Moorhead canning factory, has 
been in successful operation for two 
years, and the business of 1915 shows 
a satisfactory increase over the previ- 
ous year. Last fall the foundation for 
the company's new plant was put in 



and the building will be completed this 
year. It will be 40x60 feet, two stories, 
and basement 10 feet in the clear. The 
working floor will be reinforced con- 
crete. 

Machinery to double the equipment 
of the plant will be installed in time 
for use this season. 




Residence of Fred Stalley, Moorhead 



118 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



State Normal School 

The State Normal School at Moor- 
head has 18 acres of ground. The orig- 
inal normal school site consisted of six 
acres, which was donated to the state 
by Honorable S. G. Comstock. In 1912, 
twelve acres additional were acquired 
by purchase at a cost of $12,000. Trees 
have been planted on the original site, 
and the campus is in excellent condi- 
tion. Six acres of the recently ac- 
quired ground is used as a school gar- 
den ; another portion of the ground is 
used as an athletic field, and a new 
class room building has recently been 
constructed directly opposite the main 
building. In this building will be ac- 
commodated the departments of man- 
ual arts, physical, chemical, and bio- 
logical sciences. There is also in the 
new building a commodious and beau- 
tiful auditorium with a seating capac- 
ity of 1,200. 

The normal school offers courses of 



study leading to an elementary diplo- 
ma, an advanced or life diploma, and 
to special diplomas in manual arts and 
music. 

The enrollment in all courses in the 
normal department of the school for 
the year 1916 exceeds 1,000 students; 
and the enrollment in the elementary 
school, connected with the normal 
school, exceeds 300 students, making 
a total of nearly 1,400. 

Tuition is free to all students who 
expect to teach school in Minnesota. 

Since 1899 Frank A. "Weld has been 
president of the Moorhead Normal, and 
Leslie "Welter is the resident director 
and member of the Normal School 
Board of the state. 



Potato shipments from Clay County 
aggregate between 4,000 and 5,000 car- 
loads annually. This means from two 
and one-half to three million bushels 
of potatoes. 





j|j&. &jb dAfe 


K 









Comstock Hall and Wheeler Hall, Dormitories 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



119 




New Science Building at Normal School — Cost $100,000 



Concordia College 

This institution was founded in 1891 
by the Norwegian Lutherans in the 
Red River Valley. While the control 
of the institution rests with the Lu- 



theran Church, students are admitted 
and are at present attending from dif- 
ferent denominations. The present 
equipment embraces a $65,000 Admin- 
istration and Recitation Hall, includ- 




Main Building 



Auditorium 



Model School 



120 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Residence of Mrs. Carrie D. Huntoon, Moorhead 



ing an auditorium seating 800. Two 
Dormitories for men and women, mod- 
ern gymnasium 60x90, central heating 
plant, hospital and president's resi- 



dence — all on the college campus of 
twelve acres in the south part of the 
city of Moorhead. The total valuation 
of the property is over $200,000. Dur- 




Main Building of Concordia College and the 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



121 




Residence of M. T. Weum, Moorhead 

ing the year 1915-1916, 429 students lege department leading to the degree 

were enrolled in the different courses of Bachelor of Arts ; a standard high 

and twenty instructors have charge of school course is maintained with spe- 

this student body. cial departments in agriculture and 

Full courses are offered in the col- the training of rural teachers. All the 




Dormitories as Seen Across the Campus, Moorhead 



122 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



work is recognized by the State and 
accredited to standard colleges and 
universities. In addition, practical 
courses in business, carpentry, Ladies' 
Seminary, are offered. Over 5,000 stu- 
dents have attended Concordia College 
these 25 years and over 500 have been 
graduated from the different courses. 
This institution serves the people of 
the Northwest by giving a practical 
education to the young men and wom- 
en at the lowest prices consistent with 
good instruction and care. 



Trinity Lutheran Church 

The new church edifice of the Nor- 
wegian Trinity Lutheran congregation 
was erected during the summer and 
fall of 1915. It is in the Gothic style 
of architecture and is built of pressed 
brick with Kasota stone trimmings. It 
is 119 feet long, 50 feet wide in the 
nave and 64 feet in the transepts. The 
spire, 135 feet high, is surmounted by 
an electric cross. The seating capacity 
of the main auditorium is 900. On 
Christmas day the first service was 
held in the new church. 




Norwegian Trinity Lutheran Church— Cost $40,000 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



123 




Moorhead Hospital, Owned and Conducted by Dr. D. C. Darrow 



The Moorhead Hospital was the first 
general institution of that character 
built in Clay county. In 1893 the first 
part was built by Dr. D. C. Darrow 
who later enlarged it until at the pres- 
ent time there are 27 rooms for pa- 
tients. Everything about the Moor- 
head Hospital is of the best and the 
well-lighted operating room is no ex- 
ception to this rule. A corps of com- 
petent nurses is maintained. The hos- 
pital is located at Sixth Avenue and 
Seventh Street South, one block from 
the street railway. 



The Northwestern Hospital is one of 
the best built and equipped in the 
Northwest. It is owned and conducted 
by the Northwestern Hospital Associ- 
ation; has accommodations for sixty 
patients, and is located near the ter- 
minus of the Court House line of the 
street railway. A training school for 
nurses is maintained and an experi- 
enced superintendent is in charge. 
Several of the leading farmers, busi- 
ness and professional men of the coun- 
ty are included in the directorate of 
the institution. 








W } 




Northwestern Hospital, Moorhead 



124 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 




Harris Brothers' Machinery Warehouse, Moorhead 

In 1905 J. W. Harris and H. J. Har- Brothers. They dealt in farm imple- 
ris began business in a comparatively ments, machinery, vehicles and fuel, 
small way under the firm name Harris It was not long before they began to 




Veterinary Hospital Owned by Dr. M. M. Fulton, Moorhead 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



125 



be crowded for space to conduct their 
rapidly increasing business. From 
time to time they branched out into 
other lines, always keeping ahead of 
the development of the country. When 
the firm included the automobile busi- 
ness additional sale and store room 
must be had. The old buildings gave 
place in 1913 to the fine brick struc- 
ture that is now occupied exclusively 
and completely by the firm. This 
building is 65x88 feet, three stories 
and a full basement. It is equipped 
with a freight elevator and other mod- 
ern conveniences. 

Each brother owns a comfortable 
home in Moorhead and both have tak- 
en an active part in all matters affect- 
ing the interests of the city or com- 
munity. They have made it a study 
to anticipate the needs of the commun- 



ny, and have built up a splendid busi- 
ness, founded on the rocks of fair 
treatment and honest dealing. 



M. M. Fulton, V. M. D., located in 
Moorhead in 1909, and in 1911 built 
the veterinary hospital shown in the 
accompanying illustration. Dr. Ful- 
ton has an extensive practice in Clay 
and adjoining counties. His big, yel- 
low car is a familiar sight on the roads 
and in the farm yards. 

The hospital is fully equipped for 
the care and treatment of every kind 
of animals. 

Dr. Fulton was graduated from the 
veterinary department of the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania in 1903, and 
did post-graduate work for one year 
at McKillip's Veterinary School in 
Chicago. 




CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



127 



Acknowledgement 

/ "pHE publisher desires 
-*■ to express his appre- 
ciation of the assistance 
rendered him, in compil- 
ing this publication, by the 
many who have helped to 
make it a picture of the 
best county in Minnesota. 



128 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



Holstein-Friesian 
Cattle 

E. C. SCHROEDER 

Moorhead, Minnesota 

A Few Facts Regarding This Herd 

1 — Home of four World's Champions for milk and butter. 

2 — Home of the Champion Show Herd of the United States. 

3 — Home of Sir Pietertje Ormsby Mercedes, the greatest sire in the world. He has 
sired more prize winners than any other sire. His daughters have made ten 
world's records. His dam was the former World's champion, Pietertje Maid Orms- 
by, 35.56 pounds of butter in seven days and 145.66 pounds in thirty days. 

Bulls of all ages for sale. Can also furnish cows and heifers at 
very reasonable prices. Write for particulars. 

These cattle have been bred and developed in the Red River Valley, a good indica- 
tion that conditions are right for the development of Dairy Cattle. Head your herd 
with a pure-bred sire — he will show results. 




Bess Pietertje Ormsby Mercedes — Age 3 Years, 3 Months 

Butter, 1 day, 5.33 pounds; milk, 114.10 pounds. 
Butter, 7 days, 33.15 pounds; milk, 759.00 pounds. 
Butter, 30 days, 130.87 pounds ; milk, 3,092.00 pounds. 

All World's Records for Milk 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



129 



REMLEY & OLSON 



Wholesale and Retail 

=Hardzvare= 



CORNICE, ROOFING AND FURNACE WORK 
PAINTS AND GLASS 

MOORHEAD and DILWORTH, MINN. 



N. J. OLSEN, President N. R. OLSEN, Vice President 

F. 0. OLSEN, Secretary and Manager 

N. J. Olsen Company 

Red River Valley Seed House, Inc. 

Red River Early Ohio Seed Potatoes 

Northern Grown Seed Corn 

Seeds 

Paramount Brand 

Grain, Field and Garden Seeds 
Ground Feed — Mill Feed — Poultry Supplies 

Catalog and samples on request 

MOORHEAD -:- MINNESOTA 



130 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



CHAS. S. MARDEN 
President 



F. M. BROPHY 

Vice-President 



ORRIS OLIVER 

See. and Treas. 



Red River Farm Loan Co 

Farm Loans 



We write farm loans at reasonable rates of interest, with 

prepayment privileges. Also make a specialty of writing 

farm loans for new purchasers to include all the land 

indebtedness in one loan. 



Barnesville Office 
ORRIS OLIVER 



Moorhead Office 
F. M. BROPHY 




INTERIOR LUMBER COMPANY 

OFFICE AND YARD MOORHEAD, MINNESOTA 

Yards also located at 

DILWORTH DOWNER GLYNDON 

Everything to Build a House and Keep it Warm 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 131 



'Minnesota" Paints and Oils "Louden's" Barn Equipment 

The Moorhead Hardware Company 

General Hardware and 
Builders' Supplies 

•Quick Meal" Ranges Poultry Supplies 



MOORHEAD LUMBER COMPANY 

Before you build come in and talk the matter over with us. We 
will give you real practical help and suggestions. You can get 
lumber and building materials of all classes from us at the lowest 
prices, quality considered. We are making a specialty of Steel 
Barn Equipment, Stalls and Stanchions, Barn Ventilators. Farm 
Gates, Fence Posts, Roofing, Stave and Crib Silos. 

Ask us for quotations. 

A. H. DAMMEN, Local Manager MOORHEAD, MINNESOTA 



NELS N. MELVEY 

General Contractor 

Has erected many of the best buildings in the county, including Trinity Lutheran 
Church, Harris Brothers' Warehouse, Rustad Consolidated School House, and resi- 
dences of Henry Schroeder, Otto J. Grover and M. T. Weum 

Plans and Estimates Furnished 

MOORHEAD. MINN. 



DR. F. H. WELCOME, President G. 0. SJORDAL. Cashier 

H. F. MENSING. Vice-President D. G. JOHNSON, Ass't Cashier 

ANDREW JOHNSON, Director NIC. NELSON, Director 

First National Bank of Hawley 

Capital, $25,000.00; Surplus, $5,000.00 

Organized 1905 

Genera] Banking — Savings Department Heal Estate Loans — Insurance 

HAWI.KN . \ll\.\ESOTA 



132 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



THE COMSTOCK 

W. E. HUNT, Proprietor 

MOORHEAD -:- MINNESOTA 

AMERICAN PLAN, $2.25 UP 

Absolutely Fire Proof Lunch Room in Connection 



MOORHEAD PLUMBING & HEATING CO. 

GEO. J. THOMPSON, Prop. 

Plumbing, Steam and Hot 

Water Heating, Elective 

Wiring. Gas Piping 

Gas and Electric Fixtures 

School and Farm Plumbing 

Lighting and Heating 

Systems 

MOORHEAD, MINNESOTA 

'The House of Quality and Service" 




A. M. HOPEMAN 
President 



RALPH PEDERSON 
Vice-President and Secretary 



A. H. ERICKSON 

Treasurer 



HOPEMAN MATERIAL CO. 

'Building Material and Fuel 

Manufacturers of Concrete Products 
Jobbers of John Lucas & Co. Paints 



MOORHEAD, MINNESOTA 



FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA 



CHAS. R. OLIVER, Pres. P. J. SHEA, Vice-Pres. C. W. HIGLEY, Vice-Pres. 

N. H. STADUM, Cashier 0. C. HEYS, Asst. Cashier W. M. HIGLEY, Director 

First State Bank o/Glyndon 

GLYNDON, MINN. 

Capital and Surplus $12,000 

Established 1902 

General Banking Business Real Estate Loans, Insurance 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 133 



Fred Johnson Company 

INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR DECORATORS 

Dealers in Up-to-Date Wall Paper Decorations 
Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Brushes, Glass, Room Moulding, Etc. 

Estimates Given on Work — Call and See Us. 

Agents for T. L. Blood & Co.'s Ready Mixed Pure Paint 

FRANK: A. WESTBERG, Proprietor. MOORHEAD, MINN. 



CONCORDIA COLLEGE 

A Christian School for Boys and Girls. Accredited to Colleges and Universities. 

Complete Courses in Collegiate and High School Work. 

Normal Training Department 

Ladies Seminary 

Shorthand and Bookkeeping 

Manual Training 

Drawing 

Voice Piano Violin 

Fall Term begins in September Write for Catalog to Concordia College 

MOORHEAD, MINN. 



DAVID ASKEGAARD CHRIST REHDER EUGENE ASKEGAARD 

President Vice-President Cashier 

COMSTOCK STATE BANK 

COMSTOCK, MINN. 

Capital, $10,000.00; Surplus, $4,000.00 

Organized 1909 

GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS— REAL ESTATE LOANS 

Directors: Louis Altenbernd Christ Rehder David Askegaard 



L. D. FOSKETT, President H. A. JOHNSON. Cashier 

O. R. ANDERSON, Vice-President C. R. PETERSON, Asst. Cashier 

ULEN STATE BANK 

Organized 1910 

Capital Stock, $10,000.00; Surplus, $6,000.00 
General Banking Business — Farm Loans 

Directors : Ole Skalet, H. Herzog ULEN, MINNESOTA 



134 CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



HENRY SCHROEDER, President A. H. COSTALN, Cashier 

C. A. NYE, Vice President E. D. ASKEGAARD, Ass't Cash. 



First National Bank 

MOORHEAD, MINN. 



Capital and Surplus 
$100,000.00 



The Oldest Bank in Clay County 
Established 1881 



DIRECTORS 



CARRIE D. HUNTOON HENRY SCHROEDER C. A. NYE 

JOHN COSTAIN A. H. COSTALN 



CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 135 



M. T. WEUM S. O. WESTBERG 

President Cashier 

JNO. OBERG R. O. HOUGLUM 

Vice-President Ass't Cashier 



The 

First State Bank 



Capital, $60,000.00 
Surplus, $15,000.00 



4%— INTEREST PAID ON SAVINGS ACCOUNTS— 4% 
Compounded Semi-Annually 

DEPOSIT WITH US 

and your savings will work for you day and night, earning interest; 
and the interest will also earn interest 



Directors : O. E. Platen, Ralph Pederson, Jorgen Jensen, Nels N. Melvey 



MOORHEAD, MINNESOTA 



136 CLAY COUNTY ILLUSTRATED 



P. H. LAMB, President J. WAGNER, Vice President 

H. E. ROBERTS, Cashier J. M. HERRICK, Ass't Cashier 



The 

Moorhead National 
Bank 



Capital $60,000.00 
Surplus $60,000.00 



A general banking business transacted in all its branches 
Accounts of firms, corporations and individuals solicited 



MOORHEAD -:- MINNESOTA 



CITIZENS STATE BANK 



BARNESVILLE, MINNESOTA 



Capita] ami Surplus 



$30,000.00 



The Bank Thai Gives Personal Service 
We Paj -V , [nteresl on Time Deposii - 



J. S. CJLLAND, President 

W. S. ATKINSON, Vice-Presidenl 



W. s. LEE. Cashier 

W. A. LINDQUIST, Asst. Cashier 




A. C. HUXLEY 

Auctioneer 

fifteen years' experience selling pure-bred Live Stock, Real 

Estate and Farm Sales. Have worked on largest sales held in 

America. Write for dates before booking your sales. 

Address 
BARNESVILLE, MINNESOTA 



Flaten Photograph Studio 

Established 1ST!) by O. E. FLATEN 

Outdoor and Rural Scenes — Copies and Enlargements 

Cameras, Amateurs' Supplies, Developing 
MOORHEAD, MIXXESol \ 



A. M. ECKMANN, Presidenl 11. O. RASK, Vice Presiden! 

THEO. S. NELSON, ( ashier 




State Bank of Georgetown 



Capital $10, 1.00 

:Xi:i!\L BANKING 



Surplus $7,000.00 

FARM LOANS 



( . 1 -A )R< . ET< )WN, .MINX ES( >TA 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



016 093 470 




